Vermont Code — 27
Browse 332 sections in division 27 of the Vermont code. Each section page includes the full statutory text, official source links, and citation guidance.
Sections (showing up to 300)
- § 1. Estate in fee tail abolished Where, by the common law, a person might become seised in fee tail of lands by virtue
- § 2. Estate in common preferred to joint tenancy; joint tenancy with unequal shares
- § 3. Effect of overgrant A conveyance by a tenant
- § 4. Right of entry for survey
- § 101. Definition; exemption from attachment and execution The homestead of a natural person consisting of a dwelling house,
- § 102. Designating homestead in case of levy When an execution is levied upon real estate of the person of which a homestead
- § 103. When real estate mortgaged At the time of such levy of execution, if the homestead or real estate is encumbered
- § 104. Products of homestead When the personal property of the person is attached or taken on execution against
- § 105. Surviving spouse’s interest in homestead If a person dies leaving a surviving spouse, the person’s homestead to the
- § 106. Forfeiture and sale
- § 107. Liability of homestead for debts Such homestead shall be subject to attachment and levy of execution upon causes of action existing at the time of acquiring the homestead, except as otherwise provided in this chapter
- § 108. Liability of homestead for taxes Like other real estate, a homestead shall be liable for the payment of taxes assessed thereon.
- § 109. Acquisition of new homestead When a person acquires a new homestead, the prior homestead shall be liable for his or her debts and may be conveyed by him or her like other real estate
- § 141. Execution and acknowledgment of conveyance
- § 142. Homesteader under guardianship When the guardian of a
- § 143. Spouse with a mental condition or psychiatric disability
- § 144. Effect when spouse joins in conveyance The joining
- § 145. Effect of spouse joining in mortgage If the homestead or lands included therein are mortgaged by the joint deed of
- § 181. Appraisal and severance of homestead When, in a case not otherwise provided for in this chapter, it is necessary in a
- § 182. Application to Superior Court for relief When a dwelling house, outbuildings, and lands in which a homestead right
- § 183. Transfer or sale in lieu of severance When it appears upon hearing that the homestead cannot be occupied in severalty
- § 184. Beneficial sale without severance When it appears to the Probate Division of the Superior Court that it would be
- § 185. Control of proceeds of sale
- § 301. Manner of conveying Conveyance of land or of an estate or interest in land may be made by deed executed by
- § 302. Effect of oral conveyance Estates or interests in lands, created or conveyed without an instrument in writing shall have the effect of estates at will only
- § 303. Trusts concerning realty A trust concerning lands, excepting
- § 304. Assignment of lease to be by deed
- § 305. Conveyances effected through power of attorney
- § 306. Evidence When a deed is made by virtue
- § 307. Vendor’s liens The vendor of real estate shall
- § 308. Mines and quarries The grantee of a mine, quarry, or of the right of mining and quarrying, in severance
- § 309. Proration of taxes
- § 341. Requirements generally; recording
- § 342. Acknowledgment and recording required A deed of bargain and sale, a mortgage or other conveyance of land in fee simple
- § 343. Conveyance of wife’s real estate A husband and wife, by their joint deed, may convey the real estate of the wife as she might do by her separate deed if unmarried.
- § 344. Conveyances of joint interests when husband under disability
- § 345. Conveyances of wife’s realty in which disabled husband
- § 346. Conveyances by corporation A public or private corporation authorized to hold real estate may convey the same by an agent appointed by vote for that purpose.
- § 347. Validity of deeds executed under prior law Deeds of bargain and sale, mortgages or other conveyances of real estate,
- § 348. Instruments concerning real property validated
- § 349. Conveyance to grantor and others
- § 350. Change in name or status of owner of real estate Any person or corporation owning real estate or having an interest in
- § 351. Estates and trusts; conveyances, satisfactions, grants, and releases
- § 352. Repealed. 2009, No. 20, § 27.
- § 371. Proving execution when grantor dies or leaves State When a grantor or lessor dies or leaves the State without
- § 372. Proceedings when grantor refuses to acknowledge—summons When a grantor or lessor refuses to acknowledge the grantor’s
- § 373. Notice When the summons is served by leaving a copy at the usual place of abode of the grantor or lessor,
- § 374. Hearing and certificate
- § 375. Witnesses dead or out of State
- § 376. Repealed. 1967, No. 231 (Adj
- § 377. Repealed. 1973, No. 249 (Adj
- § 378. Effect of recording unacknowledged deed A person interested in a deed or lease not acknowledged may cause the deed or
- § 379. Repealed. 2017, No. 160 (Adj
- § 380. Disclosure of information; conveyance of real estate
- § 401. Index of deeds by county clerk; penalty
- § 402. Record in county clerk’s office
- § 403. Records when lands lie in unorganized place Deeds
- § 404. Lost instruments affecting property titles; copy recorded in another town When an instrument in writing affecting the
- § 405. Vendor to record title on request
- § 406. Proceedings upon vendor’s refusal When such person, after being so requested and after the expiration of said six
- § 407. Commitment of vendor for refusal
- § 408. Recording subordination of liens An agreement for the subordination of a prior lien or other encumbrance on real
- § 409. Record of assignment by landlord
- § 410. Lien priorities
- § 441. Manner of mortgaging machinery Machinery attached to or used in a shop, mill, quarry, mine, printing office, or factory may be mortgaged by deed executed, acknowledged and recorded as deeds of real estate
- § 442. Attachment and sale of machinery mortgaged with real
- § 461. By entry on record Mortgages may be discharged by an entry on the margin of the record thereof in the
- § 462. By acknowledgment of payment Mortgages may also be
- § 463. By separate instrument
- § 464. Liability of mortgagee for failure to provide payoff statements and refusal to discharge
- § 464a. Discharge by licensed attorney
- § 465. When mortgagee dead When it appears from the record of a mortgage on real estate that the mortgage is
- § 466. Notice to parties The application provided in section 465 of this title shall state the names and addresses of all
- § 467. When death of mortgagee not established In case
- § 468. Manner of Discharge by Trustee or Administrator The mortgage may be discharged by the administrator or trustee in the manner provided by law for the discharge of a mortgage by a mortgagee
- § 469. Mortgagee corporation whose charter has expired When it appears from the record of a mortgage on real estate that the
- § 470. Validation of mortgage discharge on one- to four-family residential property
- § 501. Reformation of interests violating rule against perpetuities Any interest in real or personal property which would
- § 502. Application of subchapter
- § 503. Effect on prior interests This subchapter shall not be construed to invalidate or modify the terms of any interest which would have been valid prior to its enactment.
- § 541. Deeds of lands held adversely Deeds, leases, and other conveyances of lands, duly executed, acknowledged, and
- § 542. Fraudulent deeds Fraudulent and deceitful deeds, conveyances, and alienations of lands, or of an estate or
- § 543. Highways as encumbrances When real estate is conveyed
- § 544. Energy devices based on renewable resources
- § 545. Covenants, conditions, and restrictions of substantial public interest
- § 546. Racially and religiously restrictive covenants in deeds prohibited
- § 601. Requirements
- § 602. Unbroken chain; conditions and suspension
- § 603. Successors in interest; notices of claim; filing for record A person holding a marketable title under this subchapter
- § 604. Failure to file notice
- § 605. Contents of notice of claim; recording
- § 606. Limitation of actions Nothing in this subchapter shall extend the periods for the bringing of an action or
- § 607. Time-shares; right to cancel
- § 608. [Reserved for future use.]
- § 609. Conveyance of standing timber
- § 610. Housing subsidy covenants; enforceability
- § 611. Remediation certificates A remediation certificate issued under the provisions of 18 V.S.A. § 1221a, and duly recorded
- § 612. Municipal permits
- § 613. Repealed. 2011, No. 91 (Adj
- § 614. Transfer of stormwater discharge permits to a municipality
- § 615. Wetland permit No encumbrance on record title to
- § 616. Groundwater source testing; disclosure of informational material
- § 617. Disclosure of class 4 road
- § 621. Short title This subchapter may be cited as the Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act. (Added 2021, No. 171 (Adj
- § 622. Definitions For the purposes of this subchapter:
- § 623. Validity of electronic documents
- § 624. Recording of documents
- § 625. Standards and best practices To ensure consistency in the standards and best practices of, and the technologies
- § 626. Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act This subchapter modifies, limits, and supersedes
- § 651. Short title This chapter shall be known as the “Enhanced Life Estate Deed Act” or the “ELED Act”. (Added 2019, No. 145 (Adj
- § 652. Application of chapter This chapter applies to deeds in which a grantor reserves a common law life estate
- § 653. Definitions In this chapter, unless a deed indicates an intention to the contrary:
- § 654. Execution and recording of an enhanced life estate deed
- § 655. Acceptance or consideration not required; conveyance not permitted
- § 656. Revocation; revision; mortgages
- § 657. Execution by guardian; use of power of attorney
- § 658. Death of grantee prior to death of grantor Unless the ELE deed provides otherwise:
- § 659. Previously executed and recorded enhanced life estate deeds Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to affect the validity of an enhanced life estate deed, a “Life Estate Deed with Reserved Powers,” a “Lady Bird Deed,” a “Medicaid
- § 660. Optional form for enhanced life estate deed
- § 701. Corporate powers The worshipful master, senior warden, and
- § 702. Mortgage or conveyance of property Such master and
- § 703. Estate or interest not vested in person in office or successor A grant, conveyance, devise, or lease of real or
- § 704. No interest vests unless grantee is a corporation
- § 705. Disposition upon death of noncorporate grantee Real estate heretofore granted, devised, or demised, for the purpose
- § 706. Reconveyance by Governor When title to such real estate vests in the State, it shall be under the charge of the Governor
- § 741. Insurance required When funds of a charitable or eleemosynary institution are invested in a mortgage on
- § 742. Payment of insurance expenses The necessary expenses of
- § 781. Property to vest in Vermont Baptist State Convention
- § 782. When property vests; how held A Baptist church of this State, affiliated with the
- § 783. Procedure for transferring property An application for such an order and disposition of property may be made by any
- § 784. Construction with other laws In case of conflict
- § 785. Application to nonaffiliated church The provisions of sections 781-784 of this title shall apply to any Free Will Baptist church or society not affiliated with the Vermont
- § 821. §§ 821-829.
- § 861. Powers of trustees to hold realty
- § 862. Powers of trustees to convey
- § 863. Powers as to campgrounds Such trustees and their
- § 864. Property of extinct circuits or stations All property of any kind belonging to or held in trust by any circuit or station of the United Methodist Church within the bounds of the Troy Annual Conference of the
- § 865. Complaint to dissolve circuit or station The trustees of the Troy Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church or
- § 866. Recording decrees affecting realty When any property affected by a decree of the Superior Court as provided for in
- § 901. Taking title to land The rector, wardens, and members of the vestrymen of a parish of the Protestant Episcopal
- § 902. Conveyance of property
- § 903. Rights of parish conveying property A parish making such a conveyance to the
- § 904. Transfer of property of extinct parishes and missions All property of any kind belonging to or held in trust for a parish or mission of the Protestant Episcopal Church, which, under the canons and usages of the Protestant
- § 905. Procedure for transferring property Upon presentation to the Superior Court of the county in which said property is
- § 941. Transfer of property of extinct churches All property
- § 942. Transferred property held in trust Any Universalist church of this State affiliated with the Vermont and Quebec Universalist
- § 943. Manner of effecting transfer
- § 944. Construction with other laws In case of conflict
- § 1001. Repealed. 1967, No. 308 (Adj
- § 1002. Control of wharves Wharves, storehouses, or breakwaters erected agreeably to the provisions of grants
- § 1003. Title to railroad property confirmed When a railroad company in this State has constructed its railroad beyond
- § 1101. Finder to give notice A person who finds
- § 1102. Penalty for destroying notices A person who willfully
- § 1103. Publication of notice in newspaper If the value
- § 1104. Recording copy of notice If the owner of
- § 1105. Sale of property; disposition of proceeds If the owner of the property does not appear and prove his title within 90 days from the time of posting the first notice, the person finding the property may sell it at public auction
- § 1106. Accounting for proceeds
- § 1107. Owner may have property before sale If, previous
- § 1108. Failure of finder to comply with chapter If
- § 1109. Found beast may be worked A person who
- § 1110. Liability of owner upon death of beast If
- § 1151. Definitions As used in this chapter:
- § 1152. Property held without a loan agreement Any property held by a museum that is not subject to a loan agreement and has been held for 10 or more years and has remained unclaimed shall be deemed to be abandoned
- § 1153. Property held pursuant to a loan agreement
- § 1154. Notice requirements by museums for loaned property
- § 1155. Provision of mission statement
- § 1156. Property vested in museums
- § 1157. Exemptions This chapter shall not apply to either of the following:
- § 1158. Record of acquisition The museum shall maintain or continue to maintain to the extent such information is
- § 1201. §§ 1201-1207.
- § 1208. §§ 1208-1211.
- § 1212. Repealed. 1985, No. 240 (Adj
- § 1213. §§ 1213-1235.
- § 1236. Repealed. 1985, No. 240 (Adj
- § 1237. §§ 1237-1239.
- § 1241. §§ 1241-1270.
- § 1301. Short title This chapter shall be known as the “Condominium Ownership Act.” (Added 1967, No. 228 (Adj
- § 1302. Definitions As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires: (1) “Apartment” means a part of the property intended for any type of independent use, including commercial uses
- § 1303. Application of chapter This chapter shall apply only to property, the sole owner or all of the owners of
- § 1304. Status of the apartments or sites Each apartment or site, together with its undivided interest in the common areas and facilities, shall for all purposes constitute real property. (Added 1967, No. 228 (Adj
- § 1305. Ownership of apartments or sites Each apartment or site owner shall be entitled to the exclusive ownership and possession of his or her apartment or site. (Added 1967, No. 228 (Adj
- § 1306. Common areas and facilities
- § 1307. Compliance with covenants, bylaws, and administrative provisions Each apartment or site owner shall comply strictly
- § 1308. Certain work prohibited No apartment or site owner may do any work that would jeopardize the soundness or
- § 1309. Liens against apartments or sites; removal from lien; effect of part payment
- § 1310. Common profits and expenses Annually, the common profits of the property may be distributed among, and the common
- § 1311. Contents of declaration The declaration shall contain the following particulars:
- § 1312. Contents of deeds of apartments or sites Deeds of apartments or sites shall include the following particulars:
- § 1313. Copy of the floor plans to be filed
- § 1314. Blanket mortgages and other blanket liens affecting an apartment or site at time of first conveyance At
- § 1315. Recording
- § 1316. Termination, dissolution
- § 1317. Resubmission The removal provided for in section 1316 of this title shall in no way bar the subsequent resubmission of the property to the provisions of this chapter. (Added 1967, No. 228 (Adj
- § 1318. Bylaws The administration of every property shall be governed by bylaws, a true copy of which shall be annexed to the declaration and made a part thereof
- § 1319. Contents of bylaws
- § 1320. Books of receipts and expenditures; availability for examination
- § 1321. Waiver of use of common areas and facilities; abandonment of apartment or site No apartment or site owner may exempt
- § 1322. Separate taxation Each apartment or site and its percentage of undivided interest in the common areas and
- § 1323. Priority of lien
- § 1324. Joint and several liability of grantor and grantee for unpaid common expenses
- § 1325. Insurance
- § 1326. Disposition of property; destruction or damage If, within 90 days after the date of the damage or destruction to all or part of the
- § 1327. Actions Without limiting the rights of any apartment or site owner, actions may be brought by the manager
- § 1328. Personal application
- § 1329. Severability If any provision of this chapter or the application thereof in any circumstance is held
- § 1331. Definitions As used in this subchapter:
- § 1332. Applicability
- § 1333. Conversion building; notice to tenants
- § 1334. Exclusive right to purchase
- § 1335. Comparable housing The declarant may offer a tenant assistance in locating comparable housing
- § 1336. Relocation costs
- § 1337. Waiver prohibited No lease or rental agreement, oral or written, shall contain any provision by which the tenant prospectively waives any of his or her rights under this subchapter
- § 1338. Circumvention of this subchapter
- § 1339. Violations A violation of this subchapter is deemed to be a violation of 9 V.S.A. § 2453, and is subject to all rights, obligations, and penalties provided under 9 V.S.A. chapter 63. (Added 1985, No. 175 (Adj
- § 1351. Definitions As used in this subchapter:
- § 1352. Conversion of mobile home parks permitted A mobile home park may not be converted except in accordance with this subchapter
- § 1353. Notice of intent to convert a mobile home park
- § 1354. Election period
- § 1355. Notice of conversion
- § 1356. Leaseholder conversion period
- § 1357. Protection of purchasing leaseholders
- § 1358. Protection of nonpurchasing leaseholders
- § 1359. Protection of tenants
- § 1360. Stabilization of lot rent
- § 1361. Enforcement
- § 1362. Waiver prohibited No lease or rental agreement, oral or written, shall contain any provision by which the tenant or leaseholder prospectively waives any of his or her rights under this subchapter
- § 1363. Circumvention of this subchapter A declarant shall not
- § 1364. Protection against harassment
- § 1365. Violations A violation of this subchapter is deemed
- § 1401. Acceptance of survey plats; definition
- § 1402. Repealed. 2009, No. 91 (Adj
- § 1403. Composition of survey plats
- § 1404. Exemptions
- § 1405. Applicability This chapter does not apply to layout plats of highways or other transportation facilities
- § 1406. Prohibition A town clerk shall not accept any survey plat for filing unless it is in compliance with the requirements of this chapter. (Added 1969, No. 235 (Adj
- § 1451. Short title This chapter may be cited as the Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act. (Added 2019, No. 93 (Adj
- § 1452. Definitions As used in this chapter:
- § 1453. Inapplicability to foreign transaction This chapter does not apply to property held, due, and owing in a foreign country if the transaction out of which the property arose was a foreign transaction. (Added 2019, No. 93 (Adj
- § 1454. Rulemaking The Administrator may adopt rules pursuant to 3 V.S.A. chapter 25, to implement and administer this chapter. (Added 2019, No. 93 (Adj
- § 1461. When property presumed abandoned Subject to section 1469 of this title, the following property is presumed abandoned if it is unclaimed by the apparent owner during the period specified below:
- § 1462. When tax-deferred retirement account presumed abandoned
- § 1463. When other tax-deferred account presumed abandoned
- § 1464. When custodial account for minor presumed abandoned
- § 1465. When contents of safe-deposit box presumed abandoned
- § 1466. When stored-value card presumed abandoned
- § 1467. When security presumed abandoned
- § 1468. When related property presumed abandoned At and after the time property is presumed abandoned under this chapter, any
- § 1469. Indication of apparent owner interest in property
- § 1470. Knowledge of death of insured or annuitant
- § 1471. Deposit account for proceeds of insurance policy or annuity contract If proceeds payable under a life or endowment
- § 1472. Unclaimed life insurance benefits
- § 1473. When abandonment period is accelerated Notwithstanding sections 1461 through 1469 of this title, and subject to section 1469 of this title:
- § 1481. Address of apparent owner to establish priority In this subchapter, the following rules apply:
- § 1482. Address of apparent owner in this State The Administrator may take custody of property that is presumed abandoned, whether located in this State, another state, or a foreign country if:
- § 1483. If records show multiple addresses of apparent owner
- § 1484. Holder domiciled in this State
- § 1485. Custody if transaction took place in this State Except as in section 1482, 1483, or 1484 of this title, the Administrator may take custody of property presumed abandoned whether located in this State or another state if:
- § 1486. Traveler’s check, money order, or similar instrument
- § 1487. Burden of proof to establish Administrator’s right to custody If the Administrator asserts a right to custody of unclaimed property, the Administrator has the burden to prove:
- § 1491. Report required by holder
- § 1492. Content of report
- § 1493. When report to be filed
- § 1494. Retention of records by holder
- § 1495. Property reportable and payable or deliverable absent owner demand Property is reportable and payable or deliverable
- § 1496. Electric utility cooperatives
- § 1501. Notice to apparent owner by holder
- § 1502. Contents of notice by holder
- § 1503. Notice by Administrator
- § 1504. Cooperation among State officers and agencies to locate apparent owner Unless prohibited by law of this State other than this chapter, on request of the
- § 1511. Definition of good faith In this subchapter, payment or delivery of property is made in good faith if a holder:
- § 1512. Dormancy charge
- § 1513. Payment or delivery of property to Administrator
- § 1514. Effect of payment or delivery of property to Administrator On payment or delivery of property to the Administrator
- § 1515. Recovery of property by holder from Administrator
- § 1516. Property removed from safe-deposit box
- § 1517. Crediting income or gain to owner’s account If property other than money is delivered to the Administrator, the owner
- § 1518. Administrator’s options as to custody
- § 1519. Disposition of property having no substantial value; immunity from liability
- § 1520. Periods of limitation and repose
- § 1531. Public sale of property
- § 1532. Disposal of securities
- § 1533. Recovery of securities or value by owner
- § 1534. Purchaser owns property after sale A purchaser of property at a sale conducted by the
- § 1535. Military medal or decoration
- § 1541. Deposit of funds by administrator
- § 1542. Administrator to retain records of property The Administrator shall:
- § 1543. Expenses and service charges of Administrator Before making a deposit of funds received under this chapter to the General Fund, the Administrator may deduct:
- § 1544. Administrator holds property as custodian for owner Property received by the Administrator under this chapter is held in custody for the benefit of the owner and is not owned by the State. (Added 2019, No. 93 (Adj
- § 1551. Claim of another state to recover property
- § 1552. When property subject to recovery by another state
- § 1553. Claim for property by person claiming to be owner
- § 1554. When Administrator must honor claim for property
- § 1555. Allowance of claim for property
- § 1556. Action by person whose claim is denied Not later than one year after filing a claim under subsection 1553
- § 1557. Deceased owners; multiple claimants
- § 1561. Verified report of property If a person does not file a report required by section 1491 of this title or the
- § 1562. Examination of records to determine compliance The Administrator, at reasonable times and on reasonable notice, may:
- § 1563. Rules for conducting examination
- § 1564. Records obtained in examination Records obtained and records, including work papers, compiled by the Administrator in the course of conducting an examination under section 1562 of this title:
- § 1565. Evidence of unpaid debt or undischarged obligation