Wisconsin § 939.42 - Intoxication.

§ 939.42. Intoxication.

An intoxicated or a drugged condition of the actor is a defense only if such condition is involuntarily produced and does one of the following: 939.42(1) (1) Renders the actor incapable of distinguishing between right and wrong in regard to the alleged criminal act at the time the act is committed. 939.42(2) (2) Negatives the existence of a state of mind essential to the crime. 939.42 History History: 1987 a. 399 ; 2013 a. 307 . 939.42 Annotation To be relieved from responsibility for criminal acts, it is not enough for a defendant to establish that the defendant was under the influence of intoxicating beverages; the defendant must establish that degree of intoxication that means the defendant was utterly incapable of forming the intent requisite to the commission of the crime charged. State v. Guiden, 46 Wis. 2d 328 , 174 N.W.2d 488 (1970). 939.42 Annotation This section does not afford a defense when drugs were taken voluntarily and the facts demonstrate that there was an intent to kill and conceal the crime. Gibson v. State, 55 Wis. 2d 110 , 197 N.W.2d 813 (1972). 939.42 Annotation Evidence of addiction was properly excluded as a basis for showing “involuntariness.” Loveday v. State, 74 Wis. 2d 503 , 247 N.W.2d 116 (1976). 939.42 Annotation The intoxication instruction did not impermissibly shift the burden of proof to the accused. State v. Reynosa, 108 Wis. 2d 499 , 322 N.W.2d 504 (Ct. App. 1982). 939.42 Annotation A correct statement of the law under this section should be conveyed to the jury by instructing it that it must consider the evidence regarding whether the defendant was intoxicated at the time of the alleged offense. State v. Foster, 191 Wis. 2d 14 , 528 N.W.2d 22 (Ct. App. 1995). 939.42 Annotation It is not a requirement of the defense of involuntary intoxication when intoxication is caused by prescription drugs that the defendant did not know of the drug’s intoxicating effect. Intoxication resulting from compliance with a physician’s advice will not be deemed voluntary just because the defendant was aware of potential adverse side effects. State v. Gardner, 230 Wis. 2d 32 , 601 N.W.2d 670 (Ct. App. 1999), 98-2655 . 939.42 Annotation To be entitled to an instruction on involuntary intoxication, the defendant must come forward with credible and sufficient evidence of intoxication to the extent that the defendant was unable to distinguish right from wrong. State v. Gardner, 230 Wis. 2d 32 , 601 N.W.2d 670 (Ct. App. 1999), 98-2655 . 939.42 Annotation Criminal Law: Alcoholism as a Defense. Herald. 53 MLR 445 (1970). 939.42 Annotation Due Process and the Voluntary Intoxication Defense. Larson. Wis. Law. Feb. 2019.