West Virginia Code — 46
Browse 522 sections in division 46 of the West Virginia code. Each section page includes the full statutory text, official source links, and citation guidance.
Sections (showing up to 300)
- § 46-1-101. Short titles.
- § 46-1-102. 46-1-102. Scope of article.
- § 46-1-103. 46-1-103. Construction of uniform commercial code to promote its purposes and policies; applicability of supplemental principles of law.
- § 46-1-104. 46-1-104. Construction against implied repeal.
- § 46-1-105. 46-1-105. Severability.
- § 46-1-106. 46-1-106. Use of singular and plural; gender.
- § 46-1-107. 46-1-107. Section captions.
- § 46-1-108. 46-1-108. Relation to electronic signatures in global and national commerce act.
- § 46-1-109. 46-1-109.
- § 46-1-201. 46-1-201. General definitions.
- § 46-1-202. 46-1-202. Notice; knowledge.
- § 46-1-203. 46-1-203. Lease distinguished from security interest.
- § 46-1-204. 46-1-204. Value.
- § 46-1-205. 46-1-205. Reasonable time; seasonableness.
- § 46-1-206. 46-1-206. Presumptions.
- § 46-1-207. 46-1-207.
- § 46-1-208. 46-1-208.
- § 46-1-301. Territorial applicability; parties' power to choose applicable law.
- § 46-1-302. 46-1-302. Variation by agreement.
- § 46-1-303. 46-1-303. Course of performance, course of dealing, and usage of trade.
- § 46-1-304. 46-1-304. Obligation of good faith.
- § 46-1-305. 46-1-305. Remedies to be liberally administered.
- § 46-1-306. 46-1-306. Waiver or renunciation of claim or right after breach.
- § 46-1-307. 46-1-307. Prima facie evidence by third-party documents.
- § 46-1-308. 46-1-308. Performance or acceptance under reservation of rights.
- § 46-1-309. 46-1-309. Option to accelerate at will.
- § 46-1-310. 46-1-310. Subordinated obligations.
- § 46-2-101. Short title.
- § 46-2-102. 46-2-102. Scope; certain security and other transactions excluded from this article.
- § 46-2-103. Definitions and index of definitions.
- § 46-2-104. 46-2-104. Definitions: "merchant"; "between merchants"; "financing agency".
- § 46-2-105. 46-2-105. Definitions: Transferability; "goods"; "future" goods; "lot"; "commercial unit."
- § 46-2-106. 46-2-106. Definitions: "Contract"; "agreement"; "contract for sale"; "sale"; "present sale"; "conforming" to contract; "termination"; "cancellation."
- § 46-2-107. 46-2-107. Goods to be severed from realty: Recording.
- § 46-2-201. Formal requirements; statute of frauds.
- § 46-2-202. 46-2–202. Final written expression: parol or extrinsic evidence.
- § 46-2-203. 46-2-203. Seals inoperative.
- § 46-2-204. 46-2-204. Formation in general.
- § 46-2-205. 46-2-205. Firm offers.
- § 46-2-206. 46-2-206. Offer and acceptance in formation of contract.
- § 46-2-207. 46-2-207. Additional terms in acceptance or confirmation.
- § 46-2-208. 46-2-208.
- § 46-2-209. 46-2-209. Modification, rescission and waiver.
- § 46-2-210. 46-2-210. Delegation of performance; assignment of rights.
- § 46-2-301. General obligations of parties.
- § 46-2-302. 46-2-302. Unconscionable contract or clause.
- § 46-2-303. 46-2-303. Allocation or division of risks.
- § 46-2-304. 46-2-304. Price payable in money, goods, realty, or otherwise.
- § 46-2-305. 46-2-305. Open price term.
- § 46-2-306. 46-2-306. Output, requirements and exclusive dealings.
- § 46-2-307. 46-2-307. Delivery in single lot or several lots.
- § 46-2-308. 46-2-308. Absence of specified place for delivery.
- § 46-2-309. 46-2-309. Absence of specific time provisions; notice of termination.
- § 46-2-310. 46-2-310. Open time for payment or running of credit; authority to ship under reservation.
- § 46-2-311. 46-2-311. Options and cooperation respecting performance.
- § 46-2-312. 46-2-312. Warranty of title and against infringement; buyer's obligation against infringement.
- § 46-2-313. 46-2-313. Express warranties by affirmation, promise, description, sample.
- § 46-2-314. 46-2-314. Implied warranty: Merchantability; usage of trade.
- § 46-2-315. 46-2-315. Implied warranty: Fitness for particular purpose.
- § 46-2-316. 46-2-316. Exclusion or modification of warranties.
- § 46-2-317. 46-2-317. Cumulation and conflict of warranties express or implied.
- § 46-2-318. 46-2-318. Third party beneficiaries of warranties express or implied.
- § 46-2-319. 46-2-319. F.O.B. and F.A.S.terms.
- § 46-2-320. 46-2-320. C.I.F. and C.& F.terms.
- § 46-2-321. 46-2-321. C.I.F. or C.&F.: "Net landed weights"; "payment on arrival"; warranty of condition on arrival.
- § 46-2-322. 46-2-322. Delivery "ex-ship."
- § 46-2-323. 46-2-323. Form of bill of lading required in overseas shipment, "overseas".
- § 46-2-324. 46-2-324. "No arrival, no sale" term.
- § 46-2-325. 46-2-325. "Letter of credit" term; "confirmed credit."
- § 46-2-326. 46-2-326. Sale on approval and sale or return; rights of creditors.
- § 46-2-327. 46-2-327. Special incidents of sale on approval and sale or return.
- § 46-2-328. 46-2-328. Sale by auction.
- § 46-2-401. Passing of title; reservation for security; limited application of this section.
- § 46-2-402. 46-2-402. Rights of seller's creditors against sold goods.
- § 46-2-403. 46-2-403. Power to transfer; good faith purchase of goods; "entrusting."
- § 46-2-501. Insurable interest in goods; manner of identification of goods.
- § 46-2-502. 46-2-502. Buyer's right to goods on seller's repudiation, failure to deliver, or insolvency.
- § 46-2-503. 46-2-503. Manner of seller's tender of delivery.
- § 46-2-504. 46-2-504. Shipment by seller.
- § 46-2-505. 46-2-505. Seller's shipment under reservation.
- § 46-2-506. 46-2-506. Rights of financing agency.
- § 46-2-507. 46-2-507. Effect of seller's tender; delivery on condition.
- § 46-2-508. 46-2-508. Cure by seller of improper tender or delivery; replacement.
- § 46-2-509. 46-2-509. Risk of loss in the absence of breach.
- § 46-2-510. 46-2-510. Effect of breach on risk of loss.
- § 46-2-511. 46-2-511. Tender of payment by buyer; payment by check.
- § 46-2-512. 46-2-512. Payment by buyer before inspection.
- § 46-2-513. 46-2-513. Buyer's right to inspection of goods.
- § 46-2-514. 46-2-514. When documents deliverable on acceptance; when on payment.
- § 46-2-515. 46-2-515. Preserving evidence of goods in dispute.
- § 46-2-601. Buyer's rights on improper delivery.
- § 46-2-602. 46-2-602. Manner and effect of rightful rejection.
- § 46-2-603. 46-2-603. Merchant buyer's duties as to rightfully rejected goods.
- § 46-2-604. 46-2-604. Buyer's options as to salvage of rightfully rejected goods.
- § 46-2-605. 46-2-605. Waiver of buyer's objections by failure to particularize.
- § 46-2-606. 46-2-606. What constitutes acceptance of goods.
- § 46-2-607. 46-2-607. Effect of acceptance; notice of breach; burden of establishing breach after acceptance; notice of claim or litigation to person answerable over.
- § 46-2-608. 46-2-608. Revocation of acceptance in whole or in part.
- § 46-2-609. 46-2-609. Right to adequate assurance of performance.
- § 46-2-610. 46-2-610. Anticipatory repudiation.
- § 46-2-611. 46-2-611. Retraction of anticipatory repudiation.
- § 46-2-612. 46-2-612. "Installment contract"; breach.
- § 46-2-613. 46-2-613. Casualty to identified goods.
- § 46-2-614. 46-2-614. Substituted performance.
- § 46-2-615. 46-2-615. Excuse by failure of presupposed conditions.
- § 46-2-616. 46-2-616. Procedure on notice claiming excuse.
- § 46-2-701. Remedies for breach of collateral contracts not impaired.
- § 46-2-702. 46-2-702. Seller's remedies on discovery of buyer's insolvency.
- § 46-2-703. 46-2-703. Seller's remedies in general.
- § 46-2-704. 46-2-704. Seller's right to identify goods to the contract notwithstanding breach or to salvage unfinished goods.
- § 46-2-705. 46-2-705. Seller's stoppage of delivery in transit or otherwise.
- § 46-2-706. 46-2-706. Seller's resale including contract for resale.
- § 46-2-707. 46-2-707. "Person in the position of a seller."
- § 46-2-708. 46-2-708. Seller's damages for nonacceptance or repudiation.
- § 46-2-709. 46-2-709. Action for the price.
- § 46-2-710. 46-2-710. Seller's incidental damages.
- § 46-2-711. 46-2-711. Buyer's remedies in general; buyer's security interest in rejected goods.
- § 46-2-712. 46-2-712. "Cover"; buyer's procurement of substitute goods.
- § 46-2-713. 46-2-713. Buyer's damages for nondelivery or repudiation.
- § 46-2-714. 46-2-714. Buyer's damages for breach in regard to accepted goods.
- § 46-2-715. 46-2-715. Buyer's incidental and consequential damages.
- § 46-2-716. 46-2-716. Buyer's right to specific performance or replevin.
- § 46-2-717. 46-2-717. Deduction of damages from the price.
- § 46-2-718. 46-2-718. Liquidation or limitation of damages; deposits.
- § 46-2-719. 46-2-719. Contractual modification or limitation of remedy.
- § 46-2-720. 46-2-720. Effect of "cancellation" or "rescission" on claims for antecedent breach.
- § 46-2-721. 46-2-721. Remedies for fraud.
- § 46-2-722. 46-2-722. Who can sue third parties for injury to goods.
- § 46-2-723. 46-2-723. Proof of market price: Time and place.
- § 46-2-724. 46-2-724. Admissibility of market quotations.
- § 46-2-725. 46-2-725. Statute of limitations in contracts for sale.
- § 46-3-101. Short title.
- § 46-3-102. 46-3-102. Subject matter.
- § 46-3-103. 46-3–103. Definitions.
- § 46-3-104. 46-3-104. Negotiable instrument.
- § 46-3-105. 46-3-105. Issue of instrument.
- § 46-3-106. 46-3-106. Unconditional promise or order.
- § 46-3-107. 46-3-107. Instrument payable in foreign money.
- § 46-3-108. 46-3-108. Payable on demand or at definite time.
- § 46-3-109. 46-3-109. Payable to bearer or to order.
- § 46-3-110. 46-3-110. Identification of person to whom instrument is payable.
- § 46-3-111. 46-3-111. Place of payment.
- § 46-3-112. 46-3-112. Interest.
- § 46-3-113. 46-3-113. Date of instrument.
- § 46-3-114. 46-3-114. Contradictory terms of instrument.
- § 46-3-115. 46-3-115. Incomplete instrument.
- § 46-3-116. 46-3-116. Joint and several liability; contribution.
- § 46-3-117. 46-3-117. Other agreements affecting instrument.
- § 46-3-118. 46-3-118. Statute of limitations.
- § 46-3-119. 46-3-119. Notice of right to defend action.
- § 46-3-201. Negotiation.
- § 46-3-202. 46-3-202. Negotiation subject to rescission.
- § 46-3-203. 46-3-203. Transfer of instrument; rights acquired by transfer.
- § 46-3-204. 46-3-204. Indorsement.
- § 46-3-205. 46-3-205. Special indorsement; blank indorsement; anomalous indorsement.
- § 46-3-206. 46-3-206. Restrictive indorsement.
- § 46-3-207. 46-3-207. Reacquisition.
- § 46-3-301. Person entitled to enforce instrument.
- § 46-3-302. 46-3-302. Holder in due course.
- § 46-3-303. 46-3-303. Value and consideration.
- § 46-3-304. 46-3-304. Overdue instrument.
- § 46-3-305. 46-3-305. Defenses and claims in recoupment.
- § 46-3-306. 46-3-306. Claims to an instrument.
- § 46-3-307. 46-3-307. Notice of breach of fiduciary duty.
- § 46-3-308. 46-3-308. Proof of signatures and status as holder in due course.
- § 46-3-309. 46-3-309. Enforcement of lost, destroyed, or stolen instrument.
- § 46-3-310. 46-3-310. Effect of instrument on obligation for which taken.
- § 46-3-311. 46-3-311. Accord and satisfaction by use of instrument.
- § 46-3-312. 46-3-312. Lost, destroyed, or stolen cashier's check, teller's check or certified check.
- § 46-3-401. Signature.
- § 46-3-402. 46-3-402. Signature by representative.
- § 46-3-403. 46-3-403. Unauthorized signature.
- § 46-3-404. 46-3-404. Impostors; fictitious payees.
- § 46-3-405. 46-3-405. Employer's responsibility for fraudulent indorsement by employee.
- § 46-3-406. 46-3-406. Negligence contributing to forged signature or alteration of instrument.
- § 46-3-407. 46-3-407. Alteration.
- § 46-3-408. 46-3-408. Drawee not liable on unaccepted draft.
- § 46-3-409. 46-3-409. Acceptance of draft; certified check.
- § 46-3-410. 46-3-410. Acceptance varying draft.
- § 46-3-411. 46-3-411. Refusal to pay cashier's checks, teller's checks and certified checks.
- § 46-3-412. 46-3-412. Obligation of issuer of note or cashier's check.
- § 46-3-413. 46-3-413. Obligation of acceptor.
- § 46-3-414. 46-3-414. Obligation of drawer.
- § 46-3-415. 46-3-415. Obligation of indorser.
- § 46-3-416. 46-3-416. Transfer warranties.
- § 46-3-417. 46-3-417. Presentment warranties.
- § 46-3-418. 46-3-418. Payment of acceptance by mistake.
- § 46-3-419. 46-3-419. Instruments signed for accommodation.
- § 46-3-420. 46-3-420. Conversion of instrument.
- § 46-3-501. Presentment.
- § 46-3-502. 46-3-502. Dishonor.
- § 46-3-503. 46-3-503. Notice of dishonor.
- § 46-3-504. 46-3-504. Excused presentment and notice of dishonor.
- § 46-3-505. 46-3-505. Evidence of dishonor.
- § 46-3-601. Discharge and effect of discharge.
- § 46-3-602. 46-3-602. Payment.
- § 46-3-603. 46-3-603. Tender of payment.
- § 46-3-604. 46-3-604. Discharged by cancellation or renunciation.
- § 46-3-605. 46-3-605. Discharge of indorsers and accommodation parties.
- § 46-4-101. Short title.
- § 46-4-102. 46-4-102. Applicability.
- § 46-4-103. 46-4-103. Variation by agreement; measure of damages; action constituting ordinary care.
- § 46-4-104. 46-4–104. Definitions and index of definitions.
- § 46-4-105. 46-4-105. "Bank"; "depositary bank"; "intermediary bank"; "collecting bank"; "payor bank"; "presenting bank."
- § 46-4-106. 46-4-106. Payable through or payable at bank; collecting bank.
- § 46-4-107. 46-4-107. Separate office of a bank.
- § 46-4-108. 46-4-108. Time of receipt of items.
- § 46-4-109. 46-4-109. Delays.
- § 46-4-110. 46-4-110. Electronic presentment.
- § 46-4-111. 46-4-111. Statute of limitations.
- § 46-4-201. Status of collecting banks as agent and provisional status of credits; applicability of article; item indorsed "pay any bank."
- § 46-4-202. 46-4-202. Responsibility for collection or return; when action timely.
- § 46-4-203. 46-4-203. Effect of instructions.
- § 46-4-204. 46-4-204. Methods of sending and presenting; sending directly to payor bank.
- § 46-4-205. 46-4-205. Depositary bank holder of unindorsed item.
- § 46-4-206. 46-4-206. Transfer between banks.
- § 46-4-207. 46-4-207. Transfer warranties.
- § 46-4-208. 46-4-208. Presentment warranties.
- § 46-4-209. 46-4-209. Encoding and retention warranties.
- § 46-4-210. 46-4-210. Security interest of collecting bank in items, accompanying documents and proceeds.
- § 46-4-211. 46-4-211. When bank gives value for purposes of holder in due course.
- § 46-4-212. 46-4-212. Presentment by notice of item not payable by, through or at a bank; liability of drawer or indorser.
- § 46-4-213. 46-4-213. Medium and time of settlement by bank.
- § 46-4-214. 46-4-214. Right of charge-back or refund; liability of collecting bank; return of item.
- § 46-4-215. 46-4-215. Final payment of item by payor bank; when provisional debits and credits become final; when certain credits become available for withdrawal.
- § 46-4-216. 46-4-216. Insolvency and preference.
- § 46-4-301. Deferred posting; recovery of payment by return of items; time of dishonor; return of items by payor bank.
- § 46-4-302. 46-4-302. Payor bank's responsibility for late return of item.
- § 46-4-303. 46-4-303. When items subject to notice, stop-payment order, legal process, or setoff; order in which items may be charged or certified.
- § 46-4-401. When bank may charge customer's account.
- § 46-4-402. 46-4-402. Bank's liability to customer for wrongful dishonor; time of determining insufficiency of account.
- § 46-4-403. 46-4-403. Customer's right to stop payment; burden of proof of loss.
- § 46-4-404. 46-4-404. Bank not obligated to pay check more than six months old.
- § 46-4-405. 46-4-405. Death or incompetence of customer.
- § 46-4-406. 46-4-406. Customer's duty to discover and report unauthorized signature or alteration.
- § 46-4-407. 46-4-407. Payor bank's right to subrogation on improper payment.
- § 46-4-501. Handling of documentary drafts; duty to send for presentment and to notify customer of dishonor.
- § 46-4-502. 46-4-502. Presentment of "on arrival" drafts.
- § 46-4-503. 46-4-503. Responsibility of presenting bank for documents and goods; report of reasons for dishonor; referee in case of need.
- § 46-4-504. 46-4-504. Privilege of presenting bank to deal with goods; security interest for expenses.
- § 46-5-101. 46-5-101. Short title.
- § 46-5-102. 46-5-102. Definitions.
- § 46-5-103. 46-5-103. Scope.
- § 46-5-104. 46-5-104. Formal requirements
- § 46-5-105. 46-5-105. Consideration.
- § 46-5-106. 46-5-106. Issuance, amendment, cancellation and duration.
- § 46-5-107. 46-5-107. Confirmer, nominated person and adviser.
- § 46-5-108. 46-5-108. Issuer's rights and obligations.
- § 46-5-109. 46-5-109. Fraud and forgery.
- § 46-5-110. 46-5-110. Warranties.
- § 46-5-111. 46-5-111. Remedies.
- § 46-5-112. 46-5-112. Transfer of letter of credit.
- § 46-5-113. 46-5-113. Transfer by operation of law.
- § 46-5-114. 46-5-114. Assignment of proceeds.
- § 46-5-115. 46-5-115. Statute of limitations.
- § 46-5-116. 46-5-116. Choice of law and forum.
- § 46-5-117. 46-5-117. Subrogation of issuer, applicant and nominated person.
- § 46-5-118. 46-5-118. Security interest of issuer or nominated persons.
- § 46-5-119. 46-5-119. Applicability.
- § 46-5-120. 46-5-120. Savings clause.
- § 46-6-101. 46-6-101.
- § 46-6-102. 46-6-102.
- § 46-6-103. 46-6-103.
- § 46-6-104. 46-6-104.
- § 46-6-105. 46-6-105.
- § 46-6-106. 46-6-106.
- § 46-6-107. 46-6-107.
- § 46-6-108. 46-6-108.
- § 46-6-109. 46-6-109.
- § 46-6-110. 46-6-110.
- § 46-6-111. 46-6-111.
- § 46-7-101. Short title.
- § 46-7-102. 46-7-102. Definitions and index of definitions.
- § 46-7-103. 46-7-103. Relation of article to treaty or statute.
- § 46-7-104. 46-7-104. Negotiable and nonnegotiable document of title.
- § 46-7-105. 46-7-105. Reissuance in alternative medium.
- § 46-7-106. 46-7-106. Control of electronic document of title.
- § 46-7-201. Person that may issue a warehouse receipt; storage under bond.
- § 46-7-202. 46-7-202. Form of warehouse receipt; effect of omission.
- § 46-7-203. 46-7-203. Liability for nonreceipt or misdescription.
- § 46-7-204. 46-7-204. Duty of care; contractual limitation of warehouse's liability.
- § 46-7-205. 46-7-205. Title under warehouse receipt defeated in certain cases.
- § 46-7-206. 46-7-206. Termination of storage at warehouse's option.
- § 46-7-207. 46-7-207. Goods must be kept separate; fungible goods.
- § 46-7-208. 46-7-208. Altered warehouse receipts.
- § 46-7-209. 46-7-209. Lien of warehouse.
- § 46-7-210. 46-7-210. Enforcement of warehouse's lien.
- § 46-7-301. Liability for nonreceipt or misdescription; "said to contain"; "shipper's weight, load and count"; improper handling.
- § 46-7-302. 46-7-302. Through bills of lading and similar documents of title.
- § 46-7-303. 46-7-303. Diversion; reconsignment; change of instructions.
- § 46-7-304. 46-7-304. Tangible bills of lading in a set.
- § 46-7-305. 46-7-305. Destination bills.
- § 46-7-306. 46-7-306. Altered bills of lading.
- § 46-7-307. 46-7-307. Lien of carrier.
- § 46-7-308. 46-7-308. Enforcement of carrier's lien.
- § 46-7-309. 46-7-309. Duty of care; contractual limitation of carrier's liability.
- § 46-7-401. Irregularities in issue of receipt or bill or conduct of issuer.
- § 46-7-402. 46-7-402. Duplicate document of title; overissue.
- § 46-7-403. 46-7-403. Obligation of bailee to deliver; excuse.
- § 46-7-404. 46-7-404. No liability for good-faith delivery pursuant to document of title.