West Virginia Code — 38
Browse 320 sections in division 38 of the West Virginia code. Each section page includes the full statutory text, official source links, and citation guidance.
Sections (showing up to 300)
- § 38-1-1. 38-1-1. Vendor's lien; its enforcement.
- § 38-1-2. 38-1-2. Form of deed of trust; memorandum of deed of trust may be recorded.
- § 38-1-3. 38-1-3. Sales under trust deeds.
- § 38-1-4. 38-1-4. Notice of sale.
- § 38-1-5. 38-1-5. Terms of sale.
- § 38-1-6. 38-1-6. Form of trustee's deed.
- § 38-1-7. 38-1-7. Application of proceeds; action to recover a deficiency.
- § 38-1-8. 38-1-8. Return of account of sale; forfeiture of commissions on failure to account.
- § 38-1-9. 38-1-9. Recordation of account of trustee.
- § 38-1-10. 38-1-10. Who may require trustee to give bond; new trustee on failure to give; notice.
- § 38-1-11. 38-1-11. Amount and approval of bond of trustee; recordation; effect of failure to give.
- § 38-1-12. 38-1-12. Bond of new trustee appointed by court; recordation.
- § 38-1-13. 38-1-13. Substitution of trustees under a trust deed securing a debt.
- § 38-1-14. 38-1-14. Future advances secured by credit line deed of trust; definitions; notice requirements and form; priority over other liens; release.
- § 38-1-15. 38-1-15. Validity of deed of trust upon renewal of loan.
- § 38-1-16. 38-1-16. Sale of real property pursuant to a deed of trust; preexisting tenancy.
- § 38-1-17. 38-1-17. Personal property after foreclosure; notice and access to recover personal property; abandonment.
- § 38-2-1. 38-2-1. Lien of contractor.
- § 38-2-2. 38-2-2. Lien of subcontractor.
- § 38-2-3. 38-2-3. Lien of materialman furnishing supplies to owner.
- § 38-2-4. 38-2-4. Lien of materialman furnishing supplies to contractor or subcontractor.
- § 38-2-5. 38-2-5. Lien of mechanic or laborer working for owner.
- § 38-2-6. 38-2-6. Lien of mechanic or laborer working for contractor or subcontractor.
- § 38-2-7. 38-2-7. Necessity and period for perfecting lien.
- § 38-2-8. 38-2-8. Notice and recordation of contractor's lien.
- § 38-2-9. 38-2-9. Notice and recordation of subcontractor's lien.
- § 38-2-10. 38-2-10. Notice and recordation of lien for supplies furnished to owner.
- § 38-2-11. 38-2-11. Notice and recordation of lien for supplies furnished to contractor or subcontractor.
- § 38-2-12. 38-2-12. Notice and recordation of lien of mechanic or laborer working for owner.
- § 38-2-13. 38-2-13. Notice and recordation of lien of mechanic or laborer working for contractor or subcontractor.
- § 38-2-14. 38-2-14. Discharge of lien for failure to comply with article.
- § 38-2-15. 38-2-15. Publication and posting of notice to nonresident owner or owner not found.
- § 38-2-16. 38-2-16. What deemed included in one contract.
- § 38-2-17. 38-2-17. Priority of mechanics' liens over other liens.
- § 38-2-18. 38-2-18. Priority as among mechanics' lienors.
- § 38-2-19. 38-2-19. Demand of account by owner; discharge of lien for failure to file account.
- § 38-2-20. 38-2-20. Preliminary notice to owner; effect.
- § 38-2-21. 38-2-21. Effect of payment by owner to contractor or subcontractor.
- § 38-2-22. 38-2-22. Limitation of owner's liability by recordation of contract and bond of general contractor.
- § 38-2-23. 38-2-23. Effect of failure of owner to record contract and bond.
- § 38-2-24. 38-2-24. Form of bond.
- § 38-2-25. 38-2-25. Amount of rural land subject to lien.
- § 38-2-26. 38-2-26. Enforcement of contractor's bond in suit to enforce lien.
- § 38-2-27. 38-2-27. Clerk of county court to record notices of liens, contracts and bonds; record book; indexing.
- § 38-2-28. 38-2-28. Proof of sale and delivery prima facie proof of use of materials.
- § 38-2-29. 38-2-29. Lien on several structures.
- § 38-2-30. 38-2-30. Compensation and lien of contractor on default of owner.
- § 38-2-31. 38-2-31. Lien against corporation for work or labor; priority.
- § 38-2-32. 38-2-32. Perfecting lien for work or labor against corporation.
- § 38-2-33. 38-2-33. Clerk to record notices of liens against corporations for work and labor.
- § 38-2-34. 38-2-34. Time within which suit to enforce lien may be brought; right of other lienors to intervene.
- § 38-2-35. 38-2-35. Decree of sale in suit to enforce lien; personal decree.
- § 38-2-36. 38-2-36. Discharge or release of lien; recordation; escrow; disbursement of escrow.
- § 38-2-37. 38-2-37. Ordering clerk to execute release when lienholder refuses.
- § 38-2-38. 38-2-38. Enforcement of lien by executor, administrator or assignee.
- § 38-2-39. 38-2-39. Public building; bond of contractor; recordation of bond; no lien in such case.
- § 38-3-1. 38-3-1. Effect of decrees and orders; enforcement.
- § 38-3-2. 38-3-2. Decree or order for payment of money; enforcement by execution.
- § 38-3-3. 38-3-3. Meaning of word "judgment."
- § 38-3-4. 38-3-4. Abstracts of judgments; damages or penalty for failure of clerk or justice to deliver.
- § 38-3-5. 38-3-5. Docketing abstracts of judgments; indexing; damages or penalty for failure of clerk to perform duties.
- § 38-3-6. 38-3-6. Lien of judgment on real estate.
- § 38-3-7. 38-3-7. Judgment lien not good as against bona fide purchasers unless docketed, etc.; effect of issuing and filing execution.
- § 38-3-8. 38-3-8. Notation of executions on judgment lien docket.
- § 38-3-9. 38-3-9. Enforcement of judgment lien by suit.
- § 38-3-10. 38-3-10. Same -- Parties.
- § 38-3-11. 38-3-11. Same -- Publication of notice to lienholders.
- § 38-3-12. 38-3-12. Same -- Duties of commissioner.
- § 38-3-13. 38-3-13. Same -- Confirmation of report; decree of rental or sale and distribution.
- § 38-3-14. 38-3-14. Same -- Judgment against debtor pending suit.
- § 38-3-15. 38-3-15. Same -- Other proceedings commenced pending suit.
- § 38-3-16. 38-3-16. Order of liability of real estate.
- § 38-3-17. 38-3-17. Judgment liens commencing on same day.
- § 38-3-18. 38-3-18. Limitations on enforcement of judgments.
- § 38-3-19. 38-3-19. Exceptions to limitations.
- § 38-4-1. 38-4-1. Executions against corporations.
- § 38-4-2. 38-4-2. Executions on joint judgments.
- § 38-4-3. 38-4-3. Execution for benefit of person other than plaintiff.
- § 38-4-4. 38-4-4. Writs of possession and fieri facias on judgments for specific property.
- § 38-4-5. 38-4-5. Execution or fieri facias on money judgment.
- § 38-4-6. 38-4-6. On what fieri facias may be levied.
- § 38-4-7. 38-4-7. How currency or bank notes shall be accounted for.
- § 38-4-8. 38-4-8. Commencement and duration of lien of fieri facias.
- § 38-4-9. 38-4-9. Purchaser for value and without notice before levy takes free of lien; payment or delivery to debtor without notice is without liability.
- § 38-4-10. 38-4-10. Docketing as constructive notice.
- § 38-4-11. 38-4-11. Docketing of execution.
- § 38-4-12. 38-4-12. Exemption from execution.
- § 38-4-13. 38-4-13. Indorsement of time of receipt by officer; penalty for failure to indorse.
- § 38-4-14. 38-4-14. Order of levy and satisfaction of several writs.
- § 38-4-15. 38-4-15. Rules concerning distress or levy.
- § 38-4-16. 38-4-16. Officer's return upon fieri facias.
- § 38-4-17. 38-4-17. Resale upon default of purchaser.
- § 38-4-18. 38-4-18. Writ of venditioni exponas; notice of sale.
- § 38-4-19. 38-4-19. Proceeding in case of death of officer before sale.
- § 38-4-20. 38-4-20. Time and place for sale of personal property under distraint, levy or order of court; posting or publishing notice; conduct and terms of sale.
- § 38-4-21. 38-4-21. Adjournment of sale.
- § 38-4-22. 38-4-22. Appraisal before sale.
- § 38-4-23. 38-4-23. Method and terms of sale of appraised property.
- § 38-4-24. 38-4-24. Payments on purchase money notes.
- § 38-4-25. 38-4-25. Judgment on defaulted purchase money notes.
- § 38-4-26. 38-4-26. Form of judgment on notes.
- § 38-4-27. 38-4-27. Disposition of surplus received by officer; disposition of money not paid over when execution stayed.
- § 38-4-28. 38-4-28. Liability of officer for money received under execution payable to nonresident of county.
- § 38-4-29. 38-4-29. Successive executions.
- § 38-4-30. 38-4-30. New execution when property sold is recovered from obligor on indemnifying bond or purchaser.
- § 38-4-31. 38-4-31. Motion to quash execution.
- § 38-4-32. 38-4-32. Limitation on motion for failure to return execution.
- § 38-5-1. 38-5-1. Ascertainment by interrogatories of estate upon which fieri facias or execution is a lien and of real estate to which judgment debtor is entitled.
- § 38-5-2. 38-5-2. Time of return of summons and appearance of debtor.
- § 38-5-3. 38-5-3. Record of examination by commissioner; objections and rulings thereon.
- § 38-5-4. 38-5-4. Conveyance of real estate outside state and delivery or assignment of personal estate to officer.
- § 38-5-5. 38-5-5. Compelling debtor to answer.
- § 38-5-6. 38-5-6. Report by commissioner.
- § 38-5-7. 38-5-7. Orders concerning disposition of property conveyed, delivered or assigned to officer.
- § 38-5-8. 38-5-8. Sale of real estate conveyed to officer.
- § 38-5-9. 38-5-9. Disposition of personal property and collection of debts.
- § 38-5-10. 38-5-10. Suggestion on judgment; summons against person suggested.
- § 38-5-11. 38-5-11. Officer's return of summons.
- § 38-5-12. 38-5-12. Discharge of liability of person suggested on negotiable instrument.
- § 38-5-13. 38-5-13. Contents of answer of person suggested; verification.
- § 38-5-14. 38-5-14. Discharge of person suggested by payment of money or delivery of property; officer's receipt.
- § 38-5-15. 38-5-15. Order of court for payment by person suggested.
- § 38-5-16. 38-5-16. Effect of order of court as judgment.
- § 38-5-17. 38-5-17. Failure of person suggested to answer.
- § 38-5-18. 38-5-18. Jury trial in suggestion proceedings; waiver of jury; right of appeal; costs.
- § 38-5-19. 38-5-19. Return by officer as to money received in suggestion proceedings; disposition of money.
- § 38-5-20. 38-5-20. Suit for recovery of property or debt subject to lien.
- § 38-5-21. 38-5-21. Form of judgment for money in suit to enforce execution; receipt for money received by judgment creditor.
- § 38-5-22. 38-5-22. Disposition of leviable property recovered in suit.
- § 38-5-23. 38-5-23. Additional executions.
- § 38-6-1. 38-6-1. Bond to indemnify officer making levy.
- § 38-6-2. Effect of giving, or of refusal to give, bond; return of bond to clerk's office.
- § 38-6-3. 38-6-3. Suspending bond; settling claimant's title; how suits on bonds prosecuted.
- § 38-6-4. 38-6-4. Procedure for determination of conflicting claims to property levied on.
- § 38-6-5. 38-6-5. Order of sale pending determination of rights.
- § 38-6-6. 38-6-6. Disposition of surplus proceeds.
- § 38-6-7. 38-6-7. Forthcoming bonds.
- § 38-6-8. 38-6-8. Sale of perishable property or property expensive to keep.
- § 38-6-9. 38-6-9. Levy on additional property.
- § 38-6-10. 38-6-10. Enforcement of forthcoming bond.
- § 38-6-11. 38-6-11. Action or motion on forthcoming bond; enforcement of original judgment.
- § 38-6-12. 38-6-12. Defenses to bond taken under distress warrant.
- § 38-6-13. 38-6-13. Remedies on quashing of forthcoming bond.
- § 38-6-14. 38-6-14. Forthcoming bonds forbidden in certain cases.
- § 38-6-15. 38-6-15. Indorsement on execution forbidding forthcoming bond.
- § 38-6-16. 38-6-16. Costs.
- § 38-7-1. 38-7-1. Filing of affidavit; prejudgment hearing; seizure of property.
- § 38-7-2. 38-7-2. Grounds of attachment.
- § 38-7-3. 38-7-3. Statement of facts showing grounds of attachment in affidavit.
- § 38-7-4. 38-7-4. Form of order of attachment.
- § 38-7-5. 38-7-5. Attachment for claim not due.
- § 38-7-6. 38-7-6. Amendment of affidavit.
- § 38-7-7. 38-7-7. What property may be attached.
- § 38-7-8. 38-7-8. Taking possession of personal property; plaintiff's bond.
- § 38-7-9. 38-7-9. Liability of officer where plaintiff's bond given.
- § 38-7-10. 38-7-10. Execution of plaintiff's bond after order of attachment sued out.
- § 38-7-11. 38-7-11. Exceptions to plaintiff's bond.
- § 38-7-12. 38-7-12. Form of order of attachment when bond given.
- § 38-7-13. 38-7-13. To what officers orders may be directed.
- § 38-7-14. 38-7-14. Execution and return of attachment; penalty for failure.
- § 38-7-15. 38-7-15. Garnishment.
- § 38-7-16. 38-7-16. Levy of attachment upon real estate.
- § 38-7-17. 38-7-17. Contents of officer's return of attachment.
- § 38-7-18. 38-7-18. Attachment on Sunday or holiday.
- § 38-7-19. 38-7-19. Lien of attachment.
- § 38-7-20. 38-7-20. Retention of property or release of attachment on forthcoming bond or bond to perform judgment taken by officer.
- § 38-7-21. 38-7-21. Return and filing of forthcoming bond or bond to perform judgment; exceptions to bond.
- § 38-7-22. 38-7-22. Interest and profits pending suit; discharge of attachment on bond.
- § 38-7-23. 38-7-23. Custody of attached property; sale of perishable property or property expensive to keep; terms.
- § 38-7-24. 38-7-24. Answer of garnishee.
- § 38-7-25. 38-7-25. Discharge of garnishee by payment of money or delivery of property.
- § 38-7-26. 38-7-26. Order against garnishee for payment or delivery; forthcoming bond.
- § 38-7-27. 38-7-27. Failure of garnishee to answer.
- § 38-7-28. 38-7-28. Jury trials in garnishment cases; waiver of right; appeal; costs.
- § 38-7-29. 38-7-29. Effect of order against garnishee as judgment.
- § 38-7-30. 38-7-30. Service of process.
- § 38-7-31. 38-7-31. Who may defend against attachment.
- § 38-7-32. 38-7-32. Quashing of attachment for insufficiency of affidavit.
- § 38-7-33. 38-7-33. Denial of grounds of attachment; trial; new trial; appeal.
- § 38-7-34. 38-7-34. Final judgment for defendant on merits.
- § 38-7-35. 38-7-35. Damages for unlawful attachment.
- § 38-7-36. 38-7-36. Order of sale to satisfy judgment for plaintiff.
- § 38-7-37. 38-7-37. Sale of attached land; conveyance.
- § 38-7-38. 38-7-38. Conveyance by former officer; sale or conveyance by special commissioner.
- § 38-7-39. 38-7-39. Bond for sale of attached land when defendant has not appeared or been served.
- § 38-7-40. 38-7-40. Bond for sale of attached personal property when defendant has not appeared or been served.
- § 38-7-41. 38-7-41. Intervention of third persons; trial; costs.
- § 38-7-42. 38-7-42. Priority of attachments.
- § 38-7-43. 38-7-43. Rehearing after judgment or decree on service by publication.
- § 38-7-44. 38-7-44. Judgment on rehearing; costs.
- § 38-7-45. 38-7-45. Appeal bond; return of property to owner.
- § 38-7-46. 38-7-46. Who may give bonds.
- § 38-8-1. 38-8-1. Exemptions of personal property.
- § 38-8-2. 38-8-2. Definition of value.
- § 38-8-3. 38-8-3. Method of claiming exemption on personal property.
- § 38-8-4. 38-8-4. Demand for appraisement; selection of appraisers.
- § 38-8-5. 38-8-5. Appraisement.
- § 38-8-6. 38-8-6. Officer's return to include appraisement and debtor's list.
- § 38-8-7. 38-8-7. Release of exempt claim or demand.
- § 38-8-8. 38-8-8. Forfeiture by officer selling or refusing to release exempt property.
- § 38-8-9. 38-8-9. Compensation of appraisers.
- § 38-8-10. 38-8-10. Right of exemption of surviving spouse or minor children.
- § 38-8-11. 38-8-11. No exemption from claims for child or spousal support, purchase money or taxes.
- § 38-8-12. 38-8-12. How appraisement may be set aside; determination of liens.
- § 38-8-13. 38-8-13. Proceedings or transfers to avoid exemption prohibited.
- § 38-8-14. 38-8-14. Unripe crops exempt; exception as to corn.
- § 38-8-15. 38-8-15. Waiver of exemption void.
- § 38-9-1. 38-9-1. Persons entitled to homestead; value.
- § 38-9-2. 38-9-2. Definitions.
- § 38-9-3. 38-9-3. Debts enforceable against homestead.
- § 38-9-4. 38-9-4. Proceedings to reach excess value of homestead.
- § 38-9-5. 38-9-5. Descent of homestead to infant children.
- § 38-9-6. 38-9-6. Waiver of exemption void.
- § 38-10-1. 38-10-1. Recordation of federal tax lien; release; fee.
- § 38-10-2. 38-10-2. Recordation of adjudications of bankruptcy; fee.
- § 38-10-3. 38-10-3. Recordation of orders approving bonds of trustees in bankruptcy; fee.
- § 38-10-4. 38-10-4. Exemptions of property in bankruptcy proceedings.
- § 38-11-1. 38-11-1. Definition of lienor.
- § 38-11-2. 38-11-2. Rights of lienor in property subject to other claims; priority.
- § 38-11-3. 38-11-3. Improver's, storer's or transporter's lien on personal property and animals.
- § 38-11-4. 38-11-4. Lien of bailee of animals or vehicles.
- § 38-11-5. 38-11-5. Lien for lodging and board.
- § 38-11-6. 38-11-6. Lien of humane officer.
- § 38-11-7. 38-11-7. Recovery of possession from owner by lienor.
- § 38-11-8. 38-11-8. Lien for service of male animals.
- § 38-11-9. 38-11-9. Workman's or materialman's lien on vessel.
- § 38-11-10. 38-11-10. Lienor's right to compensation and lien for storage.
- § 38-11-11. 38-11-11. Assignability of liens.
- § 38-11-12. 38-11-12. Liability of lienor or pledgee for safe return of property delivered to another.
- § 38-11-13. 38-11-13. How possessory lien may be waived, lost or released.
- § 38-11-14. 38-11-14. Enforcement of lien or pledge.
- § 38-11-15. 38-11-15. Sale or disposition of perishable or hazardous goods by lienor or pledgee.
- § 38-11-16. 38-11-16. Other remedies of lienor or pledgee.
- § 38-11-17. 38-11-17.
- § 38-12-1. 38-12-1. When release of lien required; requisites thereof.
- § 38-12-2. 38-12-2. When trustee may release lien of deed of trust; effect.
- § 38-12-3. 38-12-3. Release by trustee when unnamed persons are secured; publication; effect.
- § 38-12-4. 38-12-4. Form of release; recordation of assignment with release by assignee.
- § 38-12-5. 38-12-5. Partial or limited release.
- § 38-12-6. 38-12-6. Liability of lienor for release after assignment.
- § 38-12-7. 38-12-7. Release when lienor under disability.
- § 38-12-8. 38-12-8. Recordation of release; effect.
- § 38-12-9. 38-12-9. Duties of clerk.
- § 38-12-10. 38-12-10. Action on refusal of lienholder to execute release.
- § 38-12-11. 38-12-11. Construction of article.
- § 38-12-12. 38-12-12. Noting satisfaction of execution on judgment lien docket.
- § 38-12-13. 38-12-13. Penalty for failure of clerk or other officer.
- § 38-13-1. 38-13-1. Assignment by insolvent; form; acknowledgment; recordation; assent of trustee; transfer of stockholders' liability.
- § 38-13-2. 38-13-2. Oath and bond of trustee; requiring further security.
- § 38-13-3. 38-13-3. Reference to fiduciary commissioner; appraisers.
- § 38-13-4. 38-13-4. Trustee to file schedule; substitute trustee.
- § 38-13-5. 38-13-5. Notice by trustee to creditors; publication and mailing.
- § 38-13-6. 38-13-6. Filing and proof of claims.
- § 38-13-7. 38-13-7. Liens requiring or not requiring proof; waiver by lienor; delinquent taxes; sales of property subject to liens or taxes.
- § 38-13-8. 38-13-8. First meeting of creditors; substitute trustee.
- § 38-13-9. 38-13-9. Sales by trustee; creditors may prescribe manner and terms; powers of fiduciary commissioner; compromising claims; continuing operation of business.
- § 38-13-10. 38-13-10. Trustee's report to fiduciary commissioner; notice to creditors of filing and second meeting.
- § 38-13-11. 38-13-11. Report by fiduciary commissioner; appeal from decision; allowance of expenses and fees; directions to trustee; dividends; closing trusteeship.
- § 38-13-12. 38-13-12. Powers, duties and qualifications of trustee; substitute for unqualified, removed, deceased or disabled trustee.
- § 38-13-13. 38-13-13. Powers and duties of fiduciary commissioner.
- § 38-13-14. 38-13-14. Duties of assignor.
- § 38-13-15. 38-13-15. Fiduciary commissioner to certify to circuit court disobedience of order, etc.; punishment for contempt by court.
- § 38-13-16. 38-13-16. Expenses and fees of trustee, fiduciary commissioner, appraisers and attorneys for trustee.
- § 38-14-1. 38-14-1. Short title.
- § 38-14-2. 38-14-2. Definitions.
- § 38-14-3. 38-14-3. Self-service storage lien.
- § 38-14-4. 38-14-4. Late fees.
- § 38-14-5. 38-14-5. Enforcement of lien.
- § 38-14-6. 38-14-6. Other legal remedies may be used.
- § 38-14-7. 38-14-7. Duties; care, custody, and control of property.
- § 38-14-8. 38-14-8. Savings clause.
- § 38-14-9. 38-14-9. Effective date and application of article.
- § 38-15-1. 38-15-1.
- § 38-15-2. 38-15-2.
- § 38-15-3. 38-15-3.
- § 38-15-4. 38-15-4.
- § 38-15-5. 38-15-5.
- § 38-15-6. 38-15-6.
- § 38-15-7. 38-15-7.
- § 38-15-8. 38-15-8.
- § 38-15-9. 38-15-9.
- § 38-15-10. 38-15-10.
- § 38-15-11. 38-15-11.
- § 38-15-12. 38-15-12.
- § 38-15-13. 38-15-13.
- § 38-15-14. 38-15-14.
- § 38-15-15. 38-15-15.
- § 38-15-16. 38-15-16.
- § 38-15-17. 38-15-17.
- § 38-15-18. 38-15-18.
- § 38-15-19. 38-15-19.
- § 38-15-20. 38-15-20.
- § 38-16-101. Definitions; application of definitions.
- § 38-16-102. 38-16-102. Court of competent jurisdiction defined.
- § 38-16-103. 38-16-103. Federal government defined.
- § 38-16-104. 38-16-104. Federal official or employee defined.
- § 38-16-105. 38-16-105. Lien defined.
- § 38-16-106. 38-16-106. Nonconsensual common law lien defined.
- § 38-16-107. 38-16-107. Purported court defined.
- § 38-16-108. 38-16-108. State or local official or employee defined.