Virginia Code — 55.1
Browse 876 sections in division 55.1 of the Virginia code. Each section page includes the full statutory text, official source links, and citation guidance.
Sections (showing up to 300)
- § 55.1-100. Aliens may acquire, hold, and transmit real estate; when reciprocity required
- § 55.1-101. When deed or will necessary to convey estate; no parol partition or gift valid
- § 55.1-102. When gift of personal property invalid
- § 55.1-103. Suicide or attainder of felony
- § 55.1-104. Estates to lie in grant as well as in livery
- § 55.1-105. Same estates may be created by deed as by will
- § 55.1-106. Power of disposal in life tenant not to defeat remainder unless exercised; power of disposal held by fiduciary
- § 55.1-107. Default or surrender of tenant for life not to prejudice remainderman
- § 55.1-108. Conveyance of estate or interest in property by grantor to himself and another
- § 55.1-109. Deed valid for grantor's right; operation of warranty
- § 55.1-110. Conveyance, devise, or grant without words of limitation
- § 55.1-111. Fee tail converted into fee simple
- § 55.1-112. Estate of freehold to one with remainder to heirs, etc.; rule in Shelley's Case abolished
- § 55.1-113. Doctrine of worthier title abolished
- § 55.1-114. When contingent remainder not to fail
- § 55.1-115. When remainders not defeated
- § 55.1-116. In what conveyances possession transferred to the use
- § 55.1-117. Land trusts not to fail because no beneficiaries are specified by name and no duties laid on trustee; when interest of beneficiaries deemed personal property; liens
- § 55.1-118. Deed of release effectual
- § 55.1-119. When person not a party, etc., may take or sue under instrument
- § 55.1-120. Informalities in deeds made by attorneys-in-fact
- § 55.1-121. Time for objections to irregularities in advertising sales made by trustees
- § 55.1-122. Recovery at death of life tenant of taxes paid on life estate
- § 55.1-123. Removal of a cloud on title; nature of plaintiff's title
- § 55.1-124. Uniform Statutory Rule Against Perpetuities
- § 55.1-125. When nonvested property interest or power of appointment created
- § 55.1-126. Reformation
- § 55.1-127. Exclusions from statutory rule against perpetuities
- § 55.1-128. Prospective application
- § 55.1-129. Uniformity of application and construction
- § 55.1-130. Certain limitations construed
- § 55.1-131. Employee trusts
- § 55.1-132. Determination of "lives in being" for purpose of rule against perpetuities
- § 55.1-133. Application of the rule against perpetuities to nondonative transfers
- § 55.1-134. Survivorship between joint tenants abolished
- § 55.1-135. Joint ownership in real and personal property
- § 55.1-136. Tenants by the entirety in real and personal property; certain trusts
- § 55.1-137. Creation of solar easements
- § 55.1-138. Contents of solar easement agreements
- § 55.1-200. How married persons may acquire and dispose of property
- § 55.1-201. Contracts of, and actions by and against, married persons
- § 55.1-202. Spouse not responsible for other spouse's contracts, etc.; mutual liability for necessaries; exception; responsibility of personal representative
- § 55.1-203. Spouse's right of entry into land not barred by certain judgments; when a spouse may defend his right in lands that are his inheritance
- § 55.1-204. Rights of spouse not affected by other spouse's acts only
- § 55.1-205. Conveyance from married persons; effect on right of either spouse
- § 55.1-206. How infant spouse may release interests in spouse's property
- § 55.1-207. Appointment of attorney-in-fact by married person; effect of writing executed by such attorney
- § 55.1-208. How estate of a married person to pass at death
- § 55.1-209. Equitable separate estates abolished
- § 55.1-210. Tangible personal property
- § 55.1-300. Form of a deed
- § 55.1-300.1. Certificate of Release of Certain Prohibited Covenants
- § 55.1-301. How construed
- § 55.1-302. Construction of generic terms
- § 55.1-303. Appurtenances, etc., included in deed of land
- § 55.1-304. Relocation of easement
- § 55.1-305. Enjoyment of easement
- § 55.1-306. Utility easements
- § 55.1-306.1. Utility easements; expansion of broadband
- § 55.1-307. Public road easements; maintenance and improvements
- § 55.1-308. Private roads; public use; maintenance and improvements
- § 55.1-309. Deeds good between parties
- § 55.1-310. Conveyance of property not owned but subsequently acquired
- § 55.1-311. Vendor's equitable lien abolished
- § 55.1-312. Certain deeds to county real estate validated
- § 55.1-313. Validation of sales, etc., by county courts prior to 1860
- § 55.1-314. Deeds and writings executed for persons in military service, etc., under defective powers
- § 55.1-315. Effect of option; recording
- § 55.1-316. Form of deed of trust to secure debts, etc
- § 55.1-317. Requirements for trustees
- § 55.1-318. Credit line deed of trust defined; relative priority of credit line deed of trust and other instruments of judgment
- § 55.1-318.1. Effect of amendment to loan document on deed of trust
- § 55.1-319. Priority of residential refinance mortgage over subordinate mortgage
- § 55.1-320. How deed of trust construed; duties, rights, etc., of parties
- § 55.1-321. Notices required before sale by trustee to owners, lienors, etc.; if note lost
- § 55.1-322. Advertisement required before sale by trustee
- § 55.1-323. Contents of advertisements of sale
- § 55.1-324. Powers and duties of trustee in event of sale under or satisfaction of deed of trust
- § 55.1-325. Meaning of phrases that may be included in deed of trust
- § 55.1-326. Evidences of indebtedness placed on equal footing
- § 55.1-327. Sales under deeds of trust that contain no maturity date or provision authorizing sale
- § 55.1-328. Validation of conveyances of real property under trust instrument not authorizing sale
- § 55.1-329. Permissible form for notice of sale under deed of trust
- § 55.1-330. Construction of deeds requiring notice by advertisement in newspaper
- § 55.1-331. Disposition of surplus from trustee's sale after death of grantor
- § 55.1-332. Title to real estate sold not affected by nonlisting of secured notes for taxation
- § 55.1-333. Validation of certain sales made under deeds of trust
- § 55.1-334. Validation of certain sales made under deeds of trust prior to October 1, 1977
- § 55.1-335. Validation of other sales under deeds of trust
- § 55.1-336. Protection of assignees or transferees of debts secured by real estate; form of certificate of transfer
- § 55.1-337. Required notice of foreclosure or repossession of manufactured home
- § 55.1-338. Release to person dead inures to successors
- § 55.1-339. Release of deed of trust or other lien
- § 55.1-340. Release by financial institution upon payment of debt placed with it for collection
- § 55.1-341. Partial satisfaction
- § 55.1-342. Permissible form for certificate of satisfaction or certificate of partial satisfaction
- § 55.1-343. Where certificates of satisfaction are to be indexed
- § 55.1-344. Releases made by court; costs and attorney fees
- § 55.1-345. Recordation of certificate of satisfaction, etc., required when release of lien recorded
- § 55.1-346. Applicability
- § 55.1-347. Definitions
- § 55.1-348. Document of rescission; effect; liability for wrongful recording
- § 55.1-349. Secured creditor to submit satisfaction for recording; liability for failure
- § 55.1-350. Form and effect of satisfaction
- § 55.1-351. Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act
- § 55.1-352. Uniform standards
- § 55.1-353. Effect of word "covenants."
- § 55.1-354. Effect of covenant of general warranty
- § 55.1-355. Covenant of special warranty
- § 55.1-356. Words "with general warranty," "with special warranty," and "with English covenants of title" construed
- § 55.1-357. Implied warranties on new homes
- § 55.1-358. Effect of certain transfer fee covenants
- § 55.1-359. Covenant of "right to convey."
- § 55.1-360. Covenant for "quiet possession" and "free from all encumbrances."
- § 55.1-361. Covenant for "further assurances."
- § 55.1-362. Covenant of "no act to encumber."
- § 55.1-363. Effect of certain words of release in a deed
- § 55.1-400. Void fraudulent acts; bona fide purchasers not affected
- § 55.1-401. Voluntary gifts, conveyances, assignments, transfers, or charges; void as to prior creditors
- § 55.1-402. Creditor's action to avoid such gifts, conveyances, assignments, transfers, or charges
- § 55.1-403. Creditor's action; attorney fees
- § 55.1-404. Authority of court to set aside
- § 55.1-405. Loans and reservations of a use or property to be recorded
- § 55.1-406. Certain recorded contracts as valid as deeds
- § 55.1-407. Contracts, etc., void as to creditors and purchasers until recorded; priority of credit line deed of trust
- § 55.1-408. Where to be recorded
- § 55.1-409. Recordation of instruments affecting civil aircraft of United States
- § 55.1-410. Priority of writings when admitted to record same day
- § 55.1-411. When writings to be recorded in county, and when in city
- § 55.1-412. Words "creditors" and "purchasers," how construed
- § 55.1-413. Lien of subsequent purchaser for purchase money paid before notice
- § 55.1-414. When purchaser not affected by record of deed or contract
- § 55.1-500. Annuity table
- § 55.1-501. Rule of calculation under § 55.1-500
- § 55.1-502. Table of uniform seniority
- § 55.1-503. Rules of calculation under § 55.1-502
- § 55.1-504. Makehamized mortality table
- § 55.1-505. Commutation in case of persons under disability
- § 55.1-506. Commutation of certain life estates
- § 55.1-507. Definitions
- § 55.1-508. Foreign adversary acquisition of agricultural land prohibited
- § 55.1-509. Reporting requirements
- § 55.1-600. When and where writings recorded
- § 55.1-601. Recording and indexing of certain documents showing changes of names
- § 55.1-602. Presumption that recorded writings are in proper form
- § 55.1-603. Deed of real estate investment trust
- § 55.1-604. When clerk may refuse document to be recorded
- § 55.1-605. Power of attorney; where recorded
- § 55.1-606. Standards for writings to be docketed or recorded
- § 55.1-607. When original of writing once recorded is lost, how copy recorded elsewhere
- § 55.1-608. Certifications of recordation upon copies of certain instruments and subsequent recordation in other county or city
- § 55.1-609. Correcting errors in deeds, deeds of trust, and mortgages; affidavit
- § 55.1-610. Recordation of copy of lost deed previously recorded in what is now West Virginia
- § 55.1-611. Repealed
- § 55.1-612. Acknowledgment within the United States or its dependencies
- § 55.1-613. Acknowledgments outside of the United States and its dependencies
- § 55.1-614. Acknowledgments by persons subject to Uniform Code of Military Justice; validation of certain acknowledgments
- § 55.1-615. Acknowledgments taken before commissioned officers in military service
- § 55.1-616. "Notarial acts" defined; who may perform notarial acts outside the Commonwealth for use in the Commonwealth
- § 55.1-617. Proof of authority of person performing notarial act
- § 55.1-618. What person taking acknowledgment shall certify
- § 55.1-619. When form of certificate of acknowledgment accepted
- § 55.1-620. Meaning of "acknowledged before me."
- § 55.1-621. Statutory short forms of acknowledgment
- § 55.1-622. Application of article; article cumulative
- § 55.1-623. Uniform interpretation
- § 55.1-624. Deeds of corporations; how to be executed and acknowledged
- § 55.1-625. Acknowledgments on behalf of corporations and others
- § 55.1-626. Corporate acknowledgment taken before officer or stockholder
- § 55.1-627. Acts of notaries public, etc., who have held certain other offices
- § 55.1-628. Validation of acknowledgments when seal not affixed
- § 55.1-629. Acknowledgment taken by trustee in deed of trust
- § 55.1-630. Acknowledgment taken by trustee in deed of trust; later date
- § 55.1-631. Certain acknowledgments taken and certified before July 1, 1995
- § 55.1-632. Acknowledgments taken by certain justices of the peace, mayors, etc
- § 55.1-633. Acknowledgments taken by officers after expiration of terms
- § 55.1-634. Acknowledgments taken by notaries in service during World War I
- § 55.1-635. Acknowledgments before foreign officials who failed to affix seals
- § 55.1-636. Acknowledgments taken by notaries in foreign countries
- § 55.1-637. Acknowledgments taken by officer who was spouse of grantee
- § 55.1-638. Acknowledgment when notary certifies erroneously as to expiration of commission
- § 55.1-639. Acknowledgments before officer of city or county consolidating, etc., prior to expiration date of commission
- § 55.1-640. Acknowledgments taken before notary whose commission has expired
- § 55.1-641. Acknowledgments taken before notary whose commission has expired; later date; intervening vested rights saved
- § 55.1-642. Acknowledgments taken before notary who was appointed but failed to qualify; vested rights saved
- § 55.1-643. Acknowledgments taken before a notary at large who failed to cite the jurisdiction in which the acknowledgment was taken; vested rights saved
- § 55.1-644. Deeds defectively executed by corporation
- § 55.1-645. Deeds to which corporate seal not affixed or not attested
- § 55.1-646. Acknowledgments of corporations taken by officers or stockholders
- § 55.1-647. Recordation certificate not signed by clerk
- § 55.1-648. Recordation certificate not signed by clerk; when clerk has died
- § 55.1-649. Recordation of judgments affecting title to land
- § 55.1-650. Judgments of United States courts affecting realty
- § 55.1-651. Orders in bankruptcy
- § 55.1-652. Certificates of commencement of case in bankruptcy
- § 55.1-653. Where notices and certificates affecting liens to be filed
- § 55.1-654. Certification of notices and certificates
- § 55.1-655. Duties of filing officers
- § 55.1-656. Fees of filing officers other than clerk of State Corporation Commission
- § 55.1-657. Fees of clerk of State Corporation Commission
- § 55.1-658. Construction of article
- § 55.1-659. Certificates and notices affecting liens filed on or before July 1, 1970
- § 55.1-660. No action to be brought against the State Corporation Commission or its staff
- § 55.1-661. Definitions
- § 55.1-662. Validity of electronically filed and recorded land records
- § 55.1-663. Recording of electronic documents among the land records
- § 55.1-664. Uniform standards
- § 55.1-665. Uniformity of application and construction
- § 55.1-666. Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act
- § 55.1-700. Definitions
- § 55.1-701. Applicability
- § 55.1-702. Exemptions
- § 55.1-703. Required disclosures for buyer to beware; buyer to exercise necessary due diligence
- § 55.1-704. Required disclosures pertaining to a military air installation
- § 55.1-705. Repealed
- § 55.1-706. Required disclosures; pending building or zoning violations
- § 55.1-706.1. Required disclosures; lis pendens
- § 55.1-707. Permissive disclosure; tourism activity zone
- § 55.1-708. Required disclosures; property previously used to manufacture methamphetamine
- § 55.1-708.1. Required disclosures; stormwater management facilities
- § 55.1-708.2. Required disclosures pertaining to repetitive loss
- § 55.1-709. Time for disclosure; termination of contract
- § 55.1-710. Owner liability
- § 55.1-711. Change in circumstances
- § 55.1-712. Duties of real estate licensees
- § 55.1-713. Actions under this chapter
- § 55.1-714. Real Estate Board to develop form; when effective
- § 55.1-800. Definitions
- § 55.1-801. Change in control
- § 55.1-802. Separately identified accounts, or qualified escrows or qualified trusts
- § 55.1-803. Errors and omissions insurance; cash or letters of credit
- § 55.1-804. Accounting for moneys and property
- § 55.1-805. Prohibited acts
- § 55.1-806. Penalty; attorney fees
- § 55.1-900. Definitions
- § 55.1-901. Applicability; effect of noncompliance
- § 55.1-902. Duty of lender
- § 55.1-903. Duty of settlement agent
- § 55.1-904. Repealed
- § 55.1-905. Disclosure of affiliated business by settlement service providers
- § 55.1-906. Disclosure of charges for appraisal or valuation using automated or other valuation mechanism
- § 55.1-907. Penalty
- § 55.1-1000. Definitions
- § 55.1-1001. Limitation on applicability of chapter
- § 55.1-1002. Scope of chapter; lay real estate settlement agents
- § 55.1-1003. Persons who may act as a settlement agent
- § 55.1-1004. Duties of settlement agents
- § 55.1-1005. Persons prohibited from assisting or being employed by settlement agents
- § 55.1-1006. Choice of settlement agent
- § 55.1-1007. Disclosure
- § 55.1-1008. Conditions for providing escrow, closing, or settlement services and for maintaining escrow accounts
- § 55.1-1009. Falsifying settlement statements prohibited
- § 55.1-1009.1. Prohibition against payment or receipt of settlement services kickbacks, rebates, commissions, and other payments
- § 55.1-1010. Separate charge for reporting transactions limited
- § 55.1-1011. Record retention requirements
- § 55.1-1012. Regulations and orders
- § 55.1-1013. Accounting by title insurance companies
- § 55.1-1014. Settlement agent registration requirements and compliance with unauthorized practice of law guidelines; civil penalty
- § 55.1-1015. Penalties and liabilities
- § 55.1-1015.1. Civil penalties; attorney fees
- § 55.1-1016. Confidentiality of information obtained by the Commission
- § 55.1-1100. Definitions
- § 55.1-1101. Broker's lien
- § 55.1-1200. Definitions
- § 55.1-1201. Applicability of chapter; local authority
- § 55.1-1202. Notice
- § 55.1-1203. Application; deposit, fee, and additional information
- § 55.1-1204. Terms and conditions of rental agreement; payment of rent; copy of rental agreement for tenant
- § 55.1-1204.1. Fee disclosure statement
- § 55.1-1205. Prepaid rent; maintenance of escrow account
- § 55.1-1206. Landlord may obtain certain insurance for tenant
- § 55.1-1207. Effect of unsigned or undelivered rental agreement
- § 55.1-1208. Prohibited provisions in rental agreements
- § 55.1-1208.1. Rental agreements; child care
- § 55.1-1209. Confidentiality of tenant records
- § 55.1-1209.1. Employees of the landlord; rental dwelling unit keys and electronic key codes; policies and procedures
- § 55.1-1210. Landlord and tenant remedies for abuse of access
- § 55.1-1211. Appointment of resident agent by nonresident property owner; service of process, etc., on such agent or on Secretary of the Commonwealth
- § 55.1-1212. Energy submetering, energy allocation equipment, sewer and water submetering equipment, and ratio utility billing systems; local government fees
- § 55.1-1213. Transfer of deposits upon purchase
- § 55.1-1214. Inspection of dwelling unit; report
- § 55.1-1215. Disclosure of mold in dwelling units
- § 55.1-1216. Disclosure of sale of premises
- § 55.1-1217. Required disclosures for properties located adjacent to a military air installation; remedy for nondisclosure
- § 55.1-1218. Required disclosures for properties with defective drywall; remedy for nondisclosure
- § 55.1-1219. Required disclosures for property previously used to manufacture methamphetamine; remedy for nondisclosure
- § 55.1-1220. Landlord to maintain fit premises
- § 55.1-1221. Landlord to provide locks and peepholes
- § 55.1-1222. Access of tenant to cable, satellite, and other television facilities
- § 55.1-1223. Notice to tenants for insecticide or pesticide use
- § 55.1-1224. Limitation of liability
- § 55.1-1225. Tenancy at will; effect of notice of change of terms or provisions of tenancy
- § 55.1-1226. Security deposits
- § 55.1-1227. Tenant to maintain dwelling unit
- § 55.1-1228. Rules and regulations
- § 55.1-1229. Access; consent; correction of nonemergency conditions; relocation of tenant; security systems
- § 55.1-1230. Access following entry of certain court orders
- § 55.1-1231. Relocation of tenant where mold remediation needs to be performed in the dwelling unit
- § 55.1-1232. Use and occupancy by tenant
- § 55.1-1233. Tenant to surrender possession of dwelling unit