Vermont Code — 05
Browse 314 sections in division 05 of the Vermont code. Each section page includes the full statutory text, official source links, and citation guidance.
Sections (showing up to 300)
- § 1. Definitions As used in this title, unless the context requires otherwise:
- § 2. Transportation Board; generally
- § 31. Commencement of proceedings Proceedings before the Board authorized by this title may be commenced on motion of the Board or by a petition as specifically provided for by law. (Added 1985, No. 222 (Adj
- § 32. Production and examination of books; witnesses So far as is necessary for the performance of their duties, the members of the Transportation
- § 33. Right of inspection The members of the Transportation Board, or the Secretary of Transportation or his or
- § 34. Refusal to show books; false oath; penalties A person, company, or corporation subject to the supervision of the Board
- § 35. Depositions
- § 36. Service of process
- § 37. Members; terms; retirement; appeal
- § 38. Fees of witnesses; duties of Executive Secretary; duties of Secretary of Agency The fees of witnesses before the Board or the Agency shall be the same as in the Superior
- § 39. Joint hearings and investigations The Board shall have authority to make joint investigations, hold joint hearings
- § 40. Pleadings; rules of practice; findings of fact
- § 41. Decree of Transportation Board; enforcement A party to an order or decree of the Transportation Board or the Board
- § 42. Injunctive proceedings
- § 43. Judicial review A party to a cause who feels aggrieved by the final order, judgment, or decree of the Board may seek judicial review pursuant to 19 V.S.A. § 5
- § 44. Powers of the Supreme Court
- § 45. Additional personnel; compensation
- § 46. Assessment of costs
- § 63. Repealed. 1987, No. 160 (Adj
- § 201. Short title This chapter may be cited as the “State Aeronautics Act.” (Added 1985, No. 222 (Adj
- § 202. Definitions As used in this part of this title, unless the context otherwise requires:
- § 203. Purpose It is hereby declared that the purpose of this chapter is to further the public interest and aeronautical progress:
- § 204. Powers of Agency generally
- § 205. Duties of Agency generally
- § 206. Federal and other monies received; deposit, designation, appropriation, and disbursement
- § 207. Registration; licenses, certificate of approval
- § 207a. Carrying and inspection of airman license The federal license, certificate, or permit shall be kept in the personal
- § 208. Inspection To carry out the provisions of this part, the Board or any of its members, the Secretary or
- § 209. Payment for acquisition of land Whenever the Agency approves the expenditure of monies in connection with the
- § 210. Disposition of fees All fees specified in this chapter shall be collected by the Agency and forthwith paid into the State Treasury and credited to the Transportation Fund. (Added 1985, No. 222 (Adj
- § 211. Appropriation from taxes on aircraft fuel
- § 212. Penalty A person who violates a provision of this chapter, or a rule or order issued pursuant to this chapter, shall be fined not more than $500.00 or imprisoned for not more than 90 days, or both. (Added 1985, No. 222 (Adj
- § 221. Definitions As used in this subchapter:
- § 222. Abandoned aircraft; authority to take custody, remove, and store; notice of intent; limitation on liability
- § 223. Lien; right to contest costs
- § 224. Right of owner to reclaim
- § 225. Sale authorized; notice of proposed sale
- § 226. Application of proceeds
- § 301. §§ 301-320.
- § 401. Repealed. 1997, No. 150 (Adj
- § 402. Ownership of space The ownership of the space above the lands and waters of this State is declared to be
- § 403. Lawful and unlawful flight; landing Flight in aircraft over the lands and waters of this State is lawful unless at
- § 404. Contractual and other legal relations Contractual and other legal relations entered into by airmen or passengers while
- § 405. Crimes, torts, and other wrongs A crime, tort, or other wrong committed by or against an airman or passenger while in flight over this State shall be governed by the laws of this State
- § 421. Minimum altitudes for operation Except when necessary for take-off or landing, or by special permission of the Agency, no person shall operate an aircraft below the following altitudes:
- § 422. Penalty for violation A person who violates a provision of section 421 of this title shall be fined not more than $500.00 or imprisoned for not more than 90 days, or both. (Added 1985, No. 222 (Adj
- § 423. Diversion from normal flight; careless operation
- § 424. Repealed. 1997, No. 150 (Adj
- § 425. Killing birds or animals While in flight within this State, an airman or passenger who intentionally kills
- § 426. Helicopters; aircraft engaged in crop spraying or dusting The Agency may adopt rules necessary to regulate the operation in flight of helicopters, or of aircraft engaged in crop spraying or dusting
- § 427. Operating under influence of liquor or drugs; penalty; revocation of right
- § 428. Reporting an aircraft A person who demands money or any other thing of value or a benefit for himself or
- § 476. Reports of accidents
- § 477. Removal of wrecks
- § 478. Minimum disturbance in movement; record of original condition Any movement of the aircraft or any part of the aircraft
- § 479. Liability of owner of aircraft for injuries The owner of an aircraft that is operated over the lands or waters of this
- § 480. Liability of airman not owner or lessee An airman who is not the owner or lessee shall be liable for the consequences of his or her own negligence. (Added 1985, No. 222 (Adj
- § 481. Lien for damages The injured person, or owner or bailee of the injured property, shall have a lien on the
- § 482. Determination of liability
- § 483. Penalties A person who violates a provision of this chapter, unless some other penalty is specifically provided, shall be fined not more than $500.00 or imprisoned for not more than 90 days, or both. (Added 1985, No. 222 (Adj
- § 484. Secretary as attorney for service of process
- § 485. Service on Secretary; mailing copies; fees
- § 486. Continuances; costs The court in which the action is pending may order such continuances as may be necessary to afford the defendant reasonable opportunity to defend the action
- § 601. Joint acquisition and operation; lease One or more municipalities may individually or jointly acquire real property by purchase, lease, or condemnation for the purposes of this subchapter
- § 602. Resolution; joint committee The resolution providing for such action shall be adopted by the legislative body of the municipality or municipalities, as defined in 24 V.S.A. § 2001
- § 603. Details of resolution The resolution may specify matters as to which the action of the committee shall require the joint approval of the bodies
- § 604. Extension of boundaries; abandonment; location The resolution may be amended from time to time with the concurrence of
- § 605. Single municipality; adjacent state
- § 606. Vote; income; issuance of notes or bonds An airport or landing field shall not be established or constructed, or
- § 607. Acquisition by federal government
- § 608. Relations with federal government Municipalities of this State owning or operating a municipal airport are hereby empowered to:
- § 651. Exercise of right of eminent domain
- § 652. Condemnation proceedings
- § 653. Findings and compensation Necessity and compensation for such property shall be determined as provided in 19
- § 654. Repealed. 2011, No. 126 (Adj
- § 655. Property devoted to public use
- § 691. Grants by State For the purpose of developing adequate air facilities for this State through assistance to
- § 692. Proportion to federal funds
- § 693. Conditions A municipality receiving grants from the State of Vermont shall meet such conditions as the Secretary:
- § 694. Application Subject to the provisions of section 695 of this title, a municipality may apply to the
- § 695. Federal assistance A municipality may petition the Secretary to serve as its agent to accept, receive, account for, and disburse all funds granted by the United States for an airport project
- § 696. Payment Following inspection and audit of costs allowable under terms of the Airport Improvement
- § 697. Responsibility, title, and maintenance on completion of project Upon completion of the project, title to, responsibility for, and maintenance of the airport shall rest with the municipality. (Added 1985, No. 222 (Adj
- § 751. Policy of State To provide for the orderly development of air facilities in this State and to cooperate
- § 752. Use of appropriations No part of an appropriation provided for the purposes of sections 751-754 of this title shall be
- § 753. Matching local funds
- § 754. Title; taxation Title to land purchased in conformity with sections 751-753 of this title shall vest entirely in the
- § 771. State aid for repair, maintenance, and improvement The Secretary is authorized to render financial assistance in the
- § 772. Lease of land for restricted landing areas For the purpose of further development of an adequate system of air
- § 773. Rules The Secretary is authorized to adopt rules governing the provisions of this subchapter. (Added 1985, No. 222 (Adj
- § 774. Funds Funds appropriated for purposes enumerated in section 691 of this title may, at the discretion of the Secretary, be used for the purpose of this subchapter. (Added 1985, No. 222 (Adj
- § 801. Establishment of air navigation facilities When it is determined by the Secretary that aeronautic development and safety in this
- § 802. Establishment or acquisition of radio air navigational aid In establishing or acquiring a radio air navigational aid,
- § 803. Lease and operation of radio air navigational aid As an alternative to acquiring and owning an existing radio air
- § 804. Acquisition of airports For the purposes of establishing a permanent system of airports within the State,
- § 805. Acquisition of areas for safe approaches
- § 806. Improvements After acquiring title to an airport, the Agency may make such improvements as are deemed essential to its use by the public
- § 807. Lease for aircraft hangars and other structures; lease to business entities
- § 808. Maintenance of airports The Secretary shall be responsible for the maintenance of the airport in a manner consistent with its anticipated type of use by the public
- § 809. Personnel and equipment Employees may be retained for management and maintenance purposes as are required for one or more State-controlled airports
- § 1001. Short title This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the “Airport Zoning Act.” (Added 1985, No. 222 (Adj
- § 1002. Airport zoning commission
- § 1003. Joint zoning board; powers
- § 1004. Zoning regulations generally
- § 1005. Incorporation in comprehensive zoning regulations In the event that a political subdivision adopts a comprehensive
- § 1006. Conflict with other regulations
- § 1007. Adoption or amendment of airport zoning regulations Airport zoning regulations shall not be adopted, amended, or
- § 1008. Record and notice of regulations The regulations, or any amendments to the regulations, shall be recorded in the
- § 1009. Nature of regulations All airport zoning regulations adopted under this chapter shall be reasonable and
- § 1010. Existing nonconforming use
- § 1011. Permits as to structures
- § 1012. Variance from regulations
- § 1013. Conditional permit or variance In granting any permit or variance under sections 1011-1013 of this title, if it deems
- § 1014. Administrative agency All airport zoning regulations adopted under this chapter shall provide for the administration
- § 1015. Appeals to board of adjustment
- § 1016. Powers of board of adjustment
- § 1017. Appeals to Superior Court
- § 1018. Violations
- § 1019. Condemnation; appeals
- § 1020. Penalties A person who violates a provision of this chapter or any rule, order, or ruling adopted or made
- § 1601. Agency of Transportation; powers
- § 1701. §§ 1701-1711.
- § 1801. Definitions As used in this chapter, the word “company” or “corporation” means and includes individuals,
- § 1802. Jurisdiction over certain transportation companies by the Agency of Transportation and the
- § 1803. Organization; reports of transportation corporations Immediately upon the delivery of its articles of association to
- § 1804. Duty to furnish copies of contracts At the request of the Agency of Transportation, a corporation subject to
- § 1805. Information to be furnished to the Agency of Transportation On request by the Agency of Transportation, a company
- § 1806. Report of accidents; investigation
- § 1807. Complaints; investigations; procedure A complaint to the Transportation Board may be made against a company subject to
- § 1808. Jurisdiction of
- § 1809. Prosecution of cases before Board
- § 1810. Jurisdiction by the Transportation Board over charges and rates When, upon hearing, the rates, tolls, charges, or
- § 1811. Service to the public Each company subject to supervision under this chapter shall be required to furnish reasonably adequate service, accommodation, and facilities to the public
- § 1812. Repealed. 1993, No. 172 (Adj
- § 1813. Exceptions Companies under the jurisdiction of a federal commission shall not be required to keep any
- § 1814. §§ 1814-1816.
- § 1817. Copy of schedules
- § 1818. Rebates; exceptions
- § 1819. Special rate or rebate; penalty Except as provided in section 1818 of this title, an officer or employee of a
- § 1820. Motor bus defined A motor bus is defined to be any motor vehicle, other than a street car, operated upon
- § 1821. Common carrier defined Each person, association, or corporation owning or operating a motor bus, which
- § 1822. Jurisdiction of Transportation Board over common carriers A common carrier shall be subject to the jurisdiction of the
- § 1823. Certificate of public good An individual, association, or corporation shall not operate a motor bus until the owner has obtained a certificate from the
- § 1824. Application for certificate of public good; hearing A certificate shall be issued only after written application has been made
- § 1824a. Publicly funded carriers Sections 1823-1824 of this title shall not apply to any carrier subsidized by public funds under 24 V.S.A. chapter 126. (Added 1993, No. 172 (Adj
- § 1825. Petition by public; notice; hearing Any town, city, or village within which, or between which, and any other town,
- § 1826. Display of certificate The owner or operator of every motor bus shall display in a conspicuous place in or
- § 1827. Jurisdiction of Commissioner of Motor Vehicles Upon the granting of a certificate as provided in section 1823 of this
- § 1828. Safe operation of motor buses Common carriers shall furnish motor buses and operate them in a manner that will afford safety and protection to their passengers and to the public. (Added 1985, No. 224 (Adj
- § 1829. Supervision by Transportation Board of common carriers; abandonment of service The Transportation Board shall have
- § 1830. Penalty An individual or the officers of an association or corporation who violates any order, rule, or
- § 1901. §§ 1901-1911.
- § 2001. Transportation of hazardous materials
- § 2002. Repealed. 1989, No. 252 (Adj
- § 2003. Transportation of radioactive materials; preferred routes
- § 2101. Motor carrier safety standard rules
- § 3001. Repealed. 2003, No. 56, § 13, eff
- § 3002. Powers of Agency
- § 3401. Repealed. 2003, No. 56, § 13, eff
- § 3402. Scope For purposes of this chapter, the term “State-owned railroad property” includes the following:
- § 3403. Acquisition and modernization
- § 3403a. Emergency repairs to bridges on State-owned railroad property Should emergency repairs be required to any bridge, pier, abutment, or culvert on
- § 3404. Right of first refusal
- § 3405. Lease for continued operation
- § 3406. Sale or lease of State-owned railroad property for other purposes
- § 3407. Deposits into the Transportation Fund
- § 3408. Railbanking; notification
- § 3408a. Use of rail trails
- § 3409. Delegation The Secretary, from time to time, may delegate to officers or employees of the Agency his or her authority under this chapter or under any uncodified laws pertaining to
- § 3410. Railroad rights-of-way; communications leases; annual report Annually, on or before December 15, the Secretary shall report to the House and Senate
- § 3421. Definitions; application
- § 3422. Scope of chapter Railroad corporations organized or incorporated
- § 3423. Construction of terms Unless such construction is inconsistent
- § 3424. Application of provisions of title The provisions of
- § 3425. Adverse possession in roadway confers no right A
- § 3426. Contracts between corporations; corporate property Railroad corporations in this State may make contracts and
- § 3427. Alien railroad corporations; exceptions
- § 3428. Jurisdiction of Superior Court On information of the
- § 3429. Rights and liabilities not affected Nothing in this title shall affect rights or liabilities accrued prior to December 1, 1850.
- § 3430. Legislative control The provisions of this title shall at all times be subject to alteration, amendment, or repeal by the General Assembly.
- § 3431. Railroad rights-of-way Notwithstanding the provisions of 1 V.S.A. § 213, when railroad operations cease on railroad
- § 3432. Emergency action for railroad derailment accidents If a derailment of a freight or passenger train threatens public
- § 3451. Supervision and inspection The Transportation Board shall have general supervision of all railroads within this
- § 3452. Disclosure of information
- § 3453. Report of accidents A railroad shall report accidents to the Agency under the same circumstances and in the same manner as provided by federal law for reporting accidents to the Federal
- § 3454. Investigation of accidents; hearing; determination; publicity The Board shall inquire into the cause of every accident
- § 3455. Unlawful acts; petitions to Board; hearings In a matter over which the Board has jurisdiction, a person that claims to
- § 3456. Jurisdiction Without affecting special provisions of law relating to matters contained in this section, the
- § 3457. Commencement of proceedings; expedited proceedings
- § 3458. Planning
- § 3478. Organization of railroad corporations; continuation of existing corporations
- § 3498. Liability to taxation Any railroad property that shall
- § 3518. Preliminary survey A railroad corporation may cause such examinations and surveys for a proposed railroad
- § 3519. Location of road to be recorded
- § 3520. Right to take land and water A railroad
- § 3521. Taking for depot accommodations A railroad corporation may enter upon and take lands necessary for depot accommodations as provided by law and its act of incorporation.
- § 3522. Land without road limits Land without the limits
- § 3523. Appraisal of damages; appointment of commissioners When a railroad corporation has not acquired, by gift or purchase,
- § 3524. Notice of time and place of appraisal The commissioners shall give 12 days’ notice to the occupants or owners of the
- § 3525. Description of land and property At least 10
- § 3526. Estate for life or years; reversionary interest When
- § 3527. Notice and statement of appraisal; record When an appraisal is made, the commissioners, within 20 days, shall notify
- § 3528. Payment or deposit of damages conveys property
- § 3529. When owner is an infant or has an intellectual or psychiatric disability When the owner of the land or estate is an
- § 3530. Appeal to Superior Court When the corporation or the owner of land or property is dissatisfied with the decision of the commissioners, within 90 days after the date of the award either party may appeal to the Superior Court
- § 3531. Proceedings in Superior Court respecting damages
- § 3532. Notice required before final decree A final decree shall not be made in such case until reasonable notice of the filing of the petition has been given to persons interested, when they are known and reside in the State
- § 3533. Deposit of damages; sum invested On the deposit of the damages under the order of a Superior judge, the title to the land shall vest in the corporation, subject to the right of appeal as in other cases
- § 3534. Obstruction to private way
- § 3535. Right of action on nonpayment of damages
- § 3536. Security from contractors; liability for wages A railroad corporation shall require sufficient security from the contractors for the payment of labor performed in constructing the road by persons in their employ
- § 3537. Changes in location
- § 3538. When other land of same owner is taken, first land to revert When a railroad corporation has paid or becomes liable to
- § 3539. Difference in value; adjustment When the damages awarded on the second location are less than those awarded on the first, the corporation may recover the difference, if paid, from the landowner
- § 3540. Change after damages are paid
- § 3541. Change before damages are paid When the location of the road has been changed as mentioned in section 3540 of this title, and the damages have been awarded and not paid, the land first located upon shall revert to the owner thereof
- § 3542. Right to alter highway When it is necessary for a railroad corporation to lay out its road upon or by the
- § 3543. Appeal A railroad corporation, a town, the Agency of Transportation, or an individual owning land adjacent
- § 3544. Alteration of course of highway at crossing A railroad corporation may alter the course of a highway where it is
- § 3545. Alterations to be recorded Alterations made in a highway as provided in this chapter, if made by the Transportation
- § 3546. Additional lands A railroad corporation may take additional lands for the purposes mentioned in sections 3543–3545 of this title as the Transportation Board judges necessary
- § 3566. Highway crossing railroad
- § 3567. Application to Transportation Board The application to the Board, provided in section 3566 of this title, may be made
- § 3568. Railroad crossing highway A railroad may be so laid out as to cross a highway if the Board judges it necessary
- § 3569. Highway changed; notice; hearing
- § 3570. Crossing; repairs at town highways When a railroad corporation has constructed a railroad across a town highway by
- § 3571. State highways
- § 3572. Highway bridges on State highways
- § 3573. Railroad bridges; repairs and construction When a railroad corporation has constructed a railroad across a public
- § 3574. Expense; apportionment
- § 3575. Maintenance of roadbed through an underpass
- § 3576. Expense; State highways When a highway is controlled and maintained by the State, the expense shall be borne by the State. (Amended 1969, No. 76, § 6.)
- § 3577. Liability; railroad A railroad corporation constructing a railroad across a highway shall be liable to the
- § 3578. Release of corporation from liability The liability of the corporation shall continue although the railroad has been
- § 3579. Towns may require repairs
- § 3580. Contract between town and company not affected Nothing
- § 3581. Warning devices and signs at grade crossings; exemption from stopping
- § 3582. Crossings; use of audible warning device
- § 3583. Penalty When a person or corporation owning or
- § 3584. Gates; electric signals; flaggers When requested in writing by three or more freeholders or registered voters or
- § 3585. Procedure for payment of State’s portion of cost In making an order under section 3584 of this title, the
- § 3586. Obstructing crossings; penalty A person, corporation, or the
- § 3587. Obstructing crossing more than five minutes; penalty; exemption
- § 3588. Nuisance on highway; penalty
- § 3589. Liability for neglect A person or corporation that
- § 3590. Obstructing sight of cars at crossing; penalty A
- § 3591. Nonremoval after notice; penalty A person who does
- § 3592. Agency approval Notwithstanding the provisions of this chapter allocating certain costs to the State or
- § 3593. Partial reimbursement of crossing maintenance costs; crossing surfaces
- § 3612. Railroads may cross or unite; compensation, points, and manner A railroad corporation may cross or unite its railroad
- § 3613. Foreign corporations holding real estate A foreign railroad corporation connecting at the line of this State with a
- § 3614. Terms of business between connecting roads When a
- § 3615. Terms with two competing roads that intersect When a railroad is intersected by two or more railroads that are
- § 3616. Repealed. 2023, No. 62, § 42, eff
- § 3617. Making competing road a party
- § 3618. Intersection of railroads; stopping trains All trains or engines run upon a railroad in this State that intersects or
- § 3619. Penalty An engineer who violates a provision of
- § 3639. Farm crossings and cattle guards; construction and maintenance; judicial review
- § 3640. Board; party disagreement When the parties cannot agree upon the plan, manner, or number of the farm crossings, the same shall be determined by the Transportation Board on petition and after a public hearing
- § 3641. Cattle guards at highway crossings The provisions of
- § 3642. Fences; construction and maintenance
- § 3643. Neglect; proceedings When a person or corporation owning or operating a railroad does not construct and maintain a fence as required by this chapter, any person aggrieved may construct it
- § 3644. Construction of fence when landowner is to keep it
- § 3645. Damage to animals on railroad
- § 3646. Driving animals or vehicle within fences on railroad; damages; penalty A person who rides, leads, or drives a horse or
- § 3647. Allowing animal to be at large in roadway;
- § 3648. Complaint regarding fences, guards, crossings, watercourses A person through whose land a railroad passes, after such
- § 3649. Order of Board After hearing, the Board may make a written order requiring the corporation to construct or
- § 3650. Penalty Unless the Board has extended the time for cause shown, a railroad corporation failing to comply
- § 3670. Clearance standards; variance
- § 3671. Destruction of weeds and thistles A person or
- § 3672. Repealed. 2017, No. 158 (Adj
- § 3673. Vegetation control
- § 3674. Enforcement If a railroad fails to control vegetation as required by section 3671 or 3673 of this title within 30 days
- § 3694. Rebate on fare paid on train; penalty A railroad corporation and its agents or employees shall not demand or receive
- § 3695. Equal charges and facilities; long and short haul A railroad corporation whose railroad is located in the State shall
- § 3696. Special rates; fairs and schools Railroad companies may
- § 3697. Equal and reasonable facilities A person or corporation
- § 3698. Connecting roads not to charge more for short than long distance; exception Two or more corporations whose roads
- § 3699. Penalty; excursion tickets A person or corporation violating a provision of sections 3697 and 3698 of this title shall be liable to the party aggrieved for all damages sustained by reason of such violation, in an action on this statute
- § 3700. Installation of telephone in stations Each railroad corporation doing business in this State shall grant to every person, firm, joint stock company, or corporation operating a public telephone line in the
- § 3720. Repealed. 1995, No. 183 (Adj
- § 3721. Badges A conductor, baggage master, engineer, brakeman, or other servant of a railroad corporation
- § 3722. Baggage checks Baggage masters and station agents on railroads shall give checks, when requested so to do, to the owners of baggage who hold tickets, when delivered to them for the transportation from station to station
- § 3723. Ejectment of passenger from train
- § 3724. Liability for damages A person or corporation running
- § 3725. Refusal to pay fare; penalty A person entering as a passenger upon a railroad train and refusing to pay his or her fare shall be fined not more than $20.00 nor less than $2.00.
- § 3726. Running out of time; penalty A conductor, engineer,
- § 3727. Only company’s engines to be run on road; penalty A locomotive, engine, or other power shall not run upon a railroad,
- § 3728. Employ of person using alcohol; penalty; damages When a railroad corporation employs or retains in its service a
- § 3729. Use of alcohol by employee; penalty A person named in section 3728 of this title who, while in control of the movement
- § 3730. Negligence of employee; penalty
- § 3731. Property held for injuries on road When the
- § 3732. Damages for fire communicated by engine A person or corporation owning or operating a railroad shall be responsible in
- § 3733. Repealed. 2007, No. 164 (Adj
- § 3734. Trespass on railroad property; penalty
- § 3735. Repealed. 2015, No. 158 (Adj
- § 3755. Commissions Upon petition of a person or corporation owning or operating a railroad, the Commissioner of
- § 3756. Oath of office Each police officer so commissioned
- § 3757. Qualifications Persons commissioned pursuant to section 3755 of this subchapter shall be subject to minimum training standards established by rule of the Vermont Criminal Justice