Us Code § 2347 - Petitions to review; proceedings
Full text of Us Code United States Code § 2347 — Petitions to review; proceedings, with citation guidance and answers to common questions.
§ 2347. Petitions to review; proceedings
(a) Unless determined on a motion to dismiss, petitions to review orders reviewable under this chapter are heard in the court of appeals on the record of the pleadings, evidence adduced, and proceedings before the agency, when the agency has held a hearing whether or not required to do so by law.
(b) When the agency has not held a hearing before taking the action of which review is sought by the petition, the court of appeals shall determine whether a hearing is required by law. After that determination, the court shall—
(1) remand the proceedings to the agency to hold a hearing, when a hearing is required by law;
(2) pass on the issues presented, when a hearing is not required by law and it appears from the pleadings and affidavits filed by the parties that no genuine issue of material fact is presented; or
(3) transfer the proceedings to a district court for the district in which the petitioner resides or has its principal office for a hearing and determination as if the proceedings were originally initiated in the district court, when a hearing is not required by law and a genuine issue of material fact is presented. The procedure in these cases in the district court is governed by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
(c) If a party to a proceeding to review applies to the court of appeals in which the proceeding is pending for leave to adduce additional evidence and shows to the satisfaction of the court that—
(1) the additional evidence is material; and
(2) there were reasonable grounds for failure to adduce the evidence before the agency;
the court may order the additional evidence and any counterevidence the opposite party desires to offer to be taken by the agency. The agency may modify its findings of fact, or make new findings, by reason of the additional evidence so taken, and may modify or set aside its order, and shall file in the court the additional evidence, the modified findings or new findings, and the modified order or the order setting aside the original order.
(Added Pub. L. 89–554, §4(e), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 623.)
| Derivation | U.S. Code | Revised Statutes and Statutes at Large |
|---|---|---|
| 5 U.S.C. 1037. | Dec. 29, 1950, ch. 1189, §7, 64 Stat. 1130. | |
| Aug. 28, 1958, Pub. L. 85–791, §31(b), 72 Stat. 951. |
The headnotes of the subsections are omitted as unnecessary and to conform to the style of title 28.
In subsection (a), the words "the petition" following "on a motion to dismiss" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "are" is substituted for "shall be". The words "in fact" following "when the agency has" are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(3), the words "United States" preceding "district court" are omitted as unnecessary because the term "district court" as used in title 28 means a United States district court. See section 451 of title 28, United States Code. The words "or any petitioner" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the definition of "petitioner" in section 2341 of this title. In the last sentence, the word "is" is substituted for "shall be".
In subsection (c), the words "applies" and "shows" are substituted for "shall apply" and "shall show", respectively.
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), are set out in the Appendix to this title.
About This Section
28 U.S.C. § 2347 is part of Title 28 of the United States Code. The United States Code is the official codification of federal statutes maintained by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel of the U.S. House of Representatives. Congress amends the Code through new public laws, which are eventually incorporated into the relevant title.
This section may be cited in legal writing as 28 U.S.C. § 2347. For the most current official text, including any recent amendments, use the official source links below. Do not rely on this page as the sole authority for legal citation or litigation.
How to Read This Statute
Statutes are organized by title, chapter, section, and subsection. Pay attention to words like "shall," "may," "and," and "or," because they determine whether a requirement is mandatory or permissive and whether multiple conditions must all be met. Historical notes and amendments often appear at the end of a section.
Using This Page
This page is intended for research and educational use. Lawyers, students, journalists, and compliance professionals can use it as a starting point, but should always verify the current text through an official government source before relying on it for legal advice, filings, or compliance decisions.