Us Code § 233 - Preemption

Full text of Us Code United States Code § 233 — Preemption, with citation guidance and answers to common questions.

§ 233. Preemption

Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed as indicating an intent on the part of Congress to occupy the field in which any provisions of the chapter operate to the exclusion of State or local laws on the same subject matter, nor shall any provision of this chapter be construed to invalidate any provision of State law unless such provision is inconsistent with any of the purposes of this chapter or any provision thereof.

(Added Pub. L. 90–284, title X, §1002(a), Apr. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 91.)

CHAPTER 13—CIVIL RIGHTS

Sec.
241.
Conspiracy against rights.
242.
Deprivation of rights under color of law.
243.
Exclusion of jurors on account of race or color.
244.
Discrimination against person wearing uniform of armed forces.
245.
Federally protected activities.
246.
Deprivation of relief benefits.
247.
Damage to religious property; obstruction of persons in the free exercise of religious beliefs.
248.
Freedom of access to clinic entrances.
249.
Hate crime acts.
250.
Penalties for civil rights offenses involving sexual misconduct.

        

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2022—Pub. L. 117–103, div. W, title XII, §1202(a)(2), Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 924, added item 250.

2009—Pub. L. 111–84, div. E, §4707(b), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2841, added item 249.

1994—Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, §330023(a)(1), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2150, substituted "Freedom of access to clinic entrances" for "Blocking access to reproductive health services" in item 248.

Pub. L. 103–259, §4, May 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 697, added item 248.

1988—Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, §7018(b)(2), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4396, struck out "of citizens" after "rights" in item 241.

Pub. L. 100–346, §3, June 24, 1988, 102 Stat. 645, added item 247.

1976—Pub. L. 94–453, §4(b), Oct. 2, 1976, 90 Stat. 1517, added item 246.

1968—Pub. L. 90–284, title I, §102, Apr. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 75, added item 245.

About This Section

18 U.S.C. § 233 is part of Title 18 of the United States Code. The United States Code is the official codification of federal statutes maintained by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel of the U.S. House of Representatives. Congress amends the Code through new public laws, which are eventually incorporated into the relevant title.

This section may be cited in legal writing as 18 U.S.C. § 233. For the most current official text, including any recent amendments, use the official source links below. Do not rely on this page as the sole authority for legal citation or litigation.

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Frequently Asked Questions About Us Code § 233

What does United States Code § 233 cover?

Section 233 ("Preemption") is part of the United States Code, the codified statutory law of Us Code. It sets out the legal rule or procedure described in the text above. Statutes are amended regularly, so always verify against the official source.

How do I cite Us Code § 233?

A common citation format is "United States Code § 233" (Us Code). Legal writing may require the code abbreviation, section number, and year or edition. Match the style required by your court, professor, or publisher.

Is this the official text of Us Code law?

No. This page is for research and education and may not include the most recent amendments. For official current law, check the Us Code official source linked on this page or consult a licensed Us Code attorney.

How does Us Code § 233 apply to my situation?

Statutes are interpreted in context, and application depends on your specific facts. Only a licensed attorney in Us Code can advise on how this section applies to you. Contact your state or local bar association for a referral.

Sources & Verification

Not legal advice. Verify against the official source and consult a licensed attorney in Us Code.