Us Code § 12523 - Violent crime and drug emergency areas
Full text of Us Code United States Code § 12523 — Violent crime and drug emergency areas, with citation guidance and answers to common questions.
§ 12523. Violent crime and drug emergency areas
(a) Definitions
In this section—
"major violent crime or drug-related emergency" means an occasion or instance in which violent crime, drug smuggling, drug trafficking, or drug abuse violence reaches such levels, as determined by the President, that Federal assistance is needed to supplement State and local efforts and capabilities to save lives, and to protect property and public health and safety.
"State" means a State, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands.
(b) Declaration of violent crime and drug emergency areas
If a major violent crime or drug-related emergency exists throughout a State or a part of a State, the President may declare the State or part of a State to be a violent crime or drug emergency area and may take appropriate actions authorized by this section.
(c) Procedure
(1) In general
A request for a declaration designating an area to be a violent crime or drug emergency area shall be made, in writing, by the chief executive officer of a State or local government, respectively (or in the case of the District of Columbia, the mayor), and shall be forwarded to the Attorney General in such form as the Attorney General may by regulation require. One or more cities, counties, States, or the District of Columbia may submit a joint request for designation as a major violent crime or drug emergency area under this subsection.
(2) Finding
A request made under paragraph (1) shall be based on a written finding that the major violent crime or drug-related emergency is of such severity and magnitude that Federal assistance is necessary to ensure an effective response to save lives and to protect property and public health and safety.
(d) Irrelevancy of population density
The President shall not limit declarations made under this section to highly populated centers of violent crime or drug trafficking, drug smuggling, or drug use, but shall also consider applications from governments of less populated areas where the magnitude and severity of such activities is beyond the capability of the State or local government to respond.
(e) Requirements
As part of a request for a declaration under this section, and as a prerequisite to Federal violent crime or drug emergency assistance under this section, the chief executive officer of a State or local government shall—
(1) take appropriate action under State or local law and furnish information on the nature and amount of State and local resources that have been or will be committed to alleviating the major violent crime- or drug-related emergency;
(2) submit a detailed plan outlining that government's short- and long-term plans to respond to the violent crime or drug emergency, specifying the types and levels of Federal assistance requested and including explicit goals (including quantitative goals) and timetables; and
(3) specify how Federal assistance provided under this section is intended to achieve those goals.
(f) Review period
The Attorney General shall review a request submitted pursuant to this section, and the President shall decide whether to declare a violent crime or drug emergency area, within 30 days after receiving the request.
(g) Federal assistance
The President may—
(1) direct any Federal agency, with or without reimbursement, to utilize its authorities and the resources granted to it under Federal law (including personnel, equipment, supplies, facilities, financial assistance, and managerial, technical, and advisory services) in support of State and local assistance efforts; and
(2) provide technical and advisory assistance, including communications support and law enforcement-related intelligence information.
(h) Duration of Federal assistance
(1) In general
Federal assistance under this section shall not be provided to a violent crime or drug emergency area for more than 1 year.
(2) Extension
The chief executive officer of a jurisdiction may apply to the President for an extension of assistance beyond 1 year. The President may extend the provision of Federal assistance for not more than an additional 180 days.
(i) Regulations
Not later than 120 days after September 13, 1994, the Attorney General shall issue regulations to implement this section.
(j) No effect on existing authority
Nothing in this section shall diminish or detract from existing authority possessed by the President or Attorney General.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IX, §90107, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1988.)
Editorial Notes
Codification
Section was formerly classified to section 14053 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
SUBCHAPTER V—CRIMINAL STREET GANGS
About This Section
34 U.S.C. § 12523 is part of Title 34 of the United States Code. The United States Code is the official codification of federal statutes maintained by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel of the U.S. House of Representatives. Congress amends the Code through new public laws, which are eventually incorporated into the relevant title.
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