Ohio § 2743.51

§ 2743.51.

As used in sections 2743.51 to 2743.72 of the Revised Code : (A) “ Claimant ” means both of the following categories of persons: (1) Any of the following persons who claim an award of reparations under sections 2743.51 to 2743.72 of the Revised Code : (a) A victim who was one of the following at the time of the criminally injurious conduct: (i) A resident of the United States; (ii) A resident of a foreign country the laws of which permit residents of this state

to recover compensation as victims of offenses committed in that country. (b) A dependent of a deceased victim who is described in division (A)(1)(a) of this section; (c) A third person, other than a collateral source, who legally assumes or voluntarily

pays the obligations of a victim, or of a dependent of a victim, who is described

in division (A)(1)(a) of this section, which obligations are incurred as a result

of the criminally injurious conduct that is the subject of the claim and may include,

but are not limited to, medical or burial expenses; (d) A person who is authorized to act on behalf of any person who is described in division

(A)(1)(a), (b), or (c) of this section; (e) The estate of a deceased victim who is described in division (A)(1)(a) of this section. (2) Any of the following persons who claim an award of reparations under sections 2743.51 to 2743.72 of the Revised Code : (a) A victim who had a permanent place of residence within this state at the time of

the criminally injurious conduct and who, at the time of the criminally injurious

conduct, complied with any one of the following: (i) Had a permanent place of employment in this state; (ii) Was a member of the regular armed forces of the United States or of the United States

coast guard or was a full-time member of the Ohio organized militia or of the United

States army reserve, naval reserve, or air force reserve; (iii) Was retired and receiving social security or any other retirement income; (iv) Was sixty years of age or older; (v) Was temporarily in another state for the purpose of receiving medical treatment; (vi) Was temporarily in another state for the purpose of performing employment-related

duties required by an employer located within this state as an express condition of

employment or employee benefits; (vii) Was temporarily in another state for the purpose of receiving occupational, vocational,

or other job-related training or instruction required by an employer located within

this state as an express condition of employment or employee benefits; (viii) Was a full-time student at an academic institution, college, or university located

in another state; (ix) Had not departed the geographical boundaries of this state for a period exceeding

thirty days or with the intention of becoming a citizen of another state or establishing

a permanent place of residence in another state. (b) A dependent of a deceased victim who is described in division (A)(2)(a) of this section; (c) A third person, other than a collateral source, who legally assumes or voluntarily

pays the obligations of a victim, or of a dependent of a victim, who is described

in division (A)(2)(a) of this section, which obligations are incurred as a result

of the criminally injurious conduct that is the subject of the claim and may include,

but are not limited to, medical or burial expenses; (d) A person who is authorized to act on behalf of any person who is described in division

(A)(2)(a), (b), or (c) of this section; (e) The estate of a deceased victim who is described in division (A)(2)(a) of this section. (B) “ Collateral source ” means a source of benefits or advantages for economic loss otherwise reparable that

the victim or claimant has received, or that is readily available to the victim or

claimant, from any of the following sources: (1) The offender; (2) The government of the United States or any of its agencies, a state or any of its

political subdivisions, or an instrumentality of two or more states, unless the law

providing for the benefits or advantages makes them excess or secondary to benefits

under sections 2743.51 to 2743.72 of the Revised Code ; (3) Social security, medicare, and medicaid; (4) State-required, temporary, nonoccupational disability insurance; (5) Workers' compensation; (6) Wage continuation programs of any employer; (7) Proceeds of a contract of insurance payable to the victim for loss that the victim

sustained because of the criminally injurious conduct; (8) A contract providing prepaid hospital and other health care services, or benefits

for disability; (9) That portion of the proceeds of all contracts of insurance payable to the claimant

on account of the death of the victim that exceeds fifty thousand dollars; (10) Any compensation recovered or recoverable under the laws of another state, district,

territory, or foreign country because the victim was the victim of an offense committed

in that state, district, territory, or country. “Collateral source” does not include any money, or the monetary value of any property,

that is subject to sections 2969.01 to 2969.06 of the Revised Code or that is received as a benefit from the Ohio public safety officers death benefit

fund created by section 742.62 of the Revised Code . (C) “ Criminally injurious conduct ” means one of the following: (1) For the purposes of any person described in division (A)(1) of this section, any

conduct that occurs or is attempted in this state;  poses a substantial threat of

personal injury or death;  and is punishable by fine, imprisonment, or death, or would

be so punishable but for the fact that the person engaging in the conduct lacked capacity

to commit the crime under the laws of this state.  Criminally injurious conduct does not include conduct arising out of the ownership,

maintenance, or use of a motor vehicle, except when any of the following applies: (a) The person engaging in the conduct intended to cause personal injury or death; (b) The person engaging in the conduct was using the vehicle to flee immediately after

committing a felony or an act that would constitute a felony but for the fact that

the person engaging in the conduct lacked the capacity to commit the felony under

the laws of this state; (c) The person engaging in the conduct was using the vehicle in a manner that constitutes

an OVI violation; (d) The conduct occurred on or after July 25, 1990, and the person engaging in the conduct

was using the vehicle in a manner that constitutes a violation of section 2903.08 of the Revised Code ; (e) The person engaging in the conduct acted in a manner that caused serious physical

harm to a person and that constituted a violation of section 4549.02 or 4549.021 of the Revised Code . (2) For the purposes of any person described in division (A)(2) of this section, any

conduct that occurs or is attempted in another state, district, territory, or foreign

country;  poses a substantial threat of personal injury or death;  and is punishable

by fine, imprisonment, or death, or would be so punishable but for the fact that the

person engaging in the conduct lacked capacity to commit the crime under the laws

of the state, district, territory, or foreign country in which the conduct occurred

or was attempted.  Criminally injurious conduct does not include conduct arising out of the ownership,

maintenance, or use of a motor vehicle, except when any of the following applies: (a) The person engaging in the conduct intended to cause personal injury or death; (b) The person engaging in the conduct was using the vehicle to flee immediately after

committing a felony or an act that would constitute a felony but for the fact that

the person engaging in the conduct lacked the capacity to commit the felony under

the laws of the state, district, territory, or foreign country in which the conduct

occurred or was attempted; (c) The person engaging in the conduct was using the vehicle in a manner that constitutes

an OVI violation; (d) The conduct occurred on or after July 25, 1990, the person engaging in the conduct

was using the vehicle in a manner that constitutes a violation of any law of the state,

district, territory, or foreign country in which the conduct occurred, and that law

is substantially similar to a violation of section 2903.08 of the Revised Code ; (e) The person engaging in the conduct acted in a manner that caused serious physical

harm to a person and that constituted a violation of any law of the state, district,

territory, or foreign country in which the conduct occurred, and that law is substantially

similar to section 4549.02 or 4549.021 of the Revised Code . (3) For the purposes of any person described in division (A)(1) or (2) of this section,

terrorism that occurs within or outside the territorial jurisdiction of the United

States. (D) “ Dependent ” means an individual wholly or partially dependent upon the victim for care and support,

and includes a child of the victim born after the victim's death. (E) “ Economic loss ” means economic detriment consisting only of allowable expense, work loss, funeral

expense, unemployment benefits loss, replacement services loss, cost of crime scene

cleanup, and cost of evidence replacement.  If criminally injurious conduct causes death, economic loss includes a dependent's

economic loss and a dependent's replacement services loss.  Noneconomic detriment is not economic loss;  however, economic loss may be caused

by pain and suffering or physical impairment. (F)(1) For a victim described in division (L)(1) of this section, “ allowable expense ” means reasonable charges incurred for reasonably needed products, services, and

accommodations, including those for medical care, rehabilitation, rehabilitative occupational

training, and other remedial treatment and care and including replacement costs for

hearing aids;  dentures, retainers, and other dental appliances;  canes, walkers,

and other mobility tools;  and eyeglasses and other corrective lenses.  It does not include that portion of a charge for a room in a hospital, clinic, convalescent

home, nursing home, or any other institution engaged in providing nursing care and

related services in excess of a reasonable and customary charge for semiprivate accommodations,

unless accommodations other than semiprivate accommodations are medically required. (2) For a victim described in division (L)(2) of this section, “ allowable expense ” means reasonable charges incurred for psychiatric care or counseling reasonably

needed as a result of the criminally injurious conduct.  No other type of expense is compensable under section 2743.51 to 2743.72 of the Revised Code for a victim of that type. (3) For a victim described in division (L)(3) of this section, “ allowable expense ” means work loss and reasonable charges incurred for psychiatric care or counseling

reasonably needed as a result of the criminally injurious conduct.  No other type of expense is compensable under sections 2743.51 to 2743.72 of the Revised Code for a victim of that type. (4) A family member of a victim who died as a proximate result of criminally injurious

conduct may be reimbursed as an allowable expense through the victim's application

for wages lost and travel expenses incurred in order to attend criminal justice proceedings

arising from the criminally injurious conduct.  The cumulative allowable expense for wages lost and travel expenses incurred by

a family member to attend criminal justice proceedings shall not exceed five hundred

dollars for each family member of the victim and two thousand dollars in the aggregate

for all family members of the victim. (5) For a victim described in division (L)(1) of this section, “ allowable expense ” includes both of the following: (a) Reasonable expenses and fees necessary to obtain a guardian's bond pursuant to section 2109.04 of the Revised Code when the bond is required to pay an award to a fiduciary on behalf of a minor or

other incompetent; (b) Attorney's fees not exceeding one thousand dollars, at a rate not exceeding one hundred

dollars per hour, incurred to successfully obtain a restraining order, custody order,

or other order to physically separate a victim from an offender.  Attorney's fees for the services described in this division may include an amount

for reasonable travel time incurred to attend court hearings, not exceeding three

hours' round-trip for each court hearing, assessed at a rate not exceeding thirty

dollars per hour. (G) “ Work loss ” means loss of income from work that the injured person would have performed if the

person had not been injured and expenses reasonably incurred by the person to obtain

services in lieu of those the person would have performed for income, reduced by any

income from substitute work actually performed by the person, or by income the person

would have earned in available appropriate substitute work that the person was capable

of performing but unreasonably failed to undertake. (H) “ Replacement services loss ” means expenses reasonably incurred in obtaining ordinary and necessary services

in lieu of those the injured person would have performed, not for income, but for

the benefit of the person's self or family, if the person had not been injured. (I) “ Dependent's economic loss ” means loss after a victim's death of contributions of things of economic value to

the victim's dependents, not including services they would have received from the

victim if the victim had not suffered the fatal injury, less expenses of the dependents

avoided by reason of the victim's death.  If a minor child of a victim is adopted after the victim's death, the minor child

continues after the adoption to incur a dependent's economic loss as a result of the

victim's death.  If the surviving spouse of a victim remarries, the surviving spouse continues after

the remarriage to incur a dependent's economic loss as a result of the victim's death. (J) “ Dependent's replacement services loss ” means loss reasonably incurred by dependents after a victim's death in obtaining

ordinary and necessary services in lieu of those the victim would have performed for

their benefit if the victim had not suffered the fatal injury, less expenses of the

dependents avoided by reason of the victim's death and not subtracted in calculating

the dependent's economic loss.  If a minor child of a victim is adopted after the victim's death, the minor child

continues after the adoption to incur a dependent's replacement services loss as a

result of the victim's death.  If the surviving spouse of a victim remarries, the surviving spouse continues after

the remarriage to incur a dependent's replacement services loss as a result of the

victim's death. (K) “ Noneconomic detriment ” means pain, suffering, inconvenience, physical impairment, or other nonpecuniary

damage. (L) “ Victim ” means one of the following: (1) A person who suffers personal injury or death as a result of any of the following: (a) Criminally injurious conduct; (b) The good faith effort of any person to prevent criminally injurious conduct; (c) The good faith effort of any person to apprehend a person suspected of engaging in

criminally injurious conduct. (2) A person who is an immediate family member of a victim of criminally injurious conduct

that consists of a homicide, a sexual assault, domestic violence, or a severe and

permanently incapacitating injury resulting in paraplegia or a similar life-altering

condition, who requires psychiatric care or counseling as a result of the criminally

injurious conduct; (3) A person who suffers trauma so severe that it impedes or prohibits a person from

participating in normal daily activities and who is either of the following: (a) A family member of a victim of criminally injurious conduct that consists of a homicide,

or a family member of a victim who, as a result of criminally injurious conduct, has

sustained a severe and permanently incapacitating injury resulting in paraplegia or

a similar life-altering condition, and who can demonstrate either of the following

by a preponderance of the evidence: (i) The person witnessed the criminally injurious conduct. (ii) The person arrived at the crime scene in its immediate aftermath. (b) An immediate family member who is a caretaker of a dependent victim of criminally

injurious conduct that consists of a sexual assault. (M) “ Contributory misconduct ” means any conduct of the claimant or of the victim through whom the claimant claims

an award of reparations that is unlawful or intentionally tortious and to which all

of the following apply: (1) The conduct occurred at the time of the criminally injurious conduct that is the

basis of the claim. (2) The conduct itself caused or posed a substantial and imminent threat of causing serious

physical harm or death to another. (3) The conduct instigated or proximately caused the criminally injurious conduct that

is the basis of the claim. (N)(1) “ Funeral expense ” means any reasonable charges that are not in excess of seven thousand five hundred

dollars per funeral and that are incurred for expenses directly related to a victim's

funeral, cremation, or burial and any wages lost or travel expenses incurred by a

family member of a victim in order to attend the victim's funeral, cremation, or burial. (2) An award for funeral expenses shall be applied first to expenses directly related

to the victim's funeral, cremation, or burial.  An award for wages lost or travel expenses incurred by a family member of the victim

shall not exceed five hundred dollars for each family member and shall not exceed

in the aggregate the difference between seven thousand five hundred dollars and expenses

that are reimbursed by the program and that are directly related to the victim's funeral,

cremation, or burial. (O) “ Unemployment benefits loss ” means a loss of unemployment benefits pursuant to Chapter 4141. of the Revised Code

when the loss arises solely from the inability of a victim to meet the able to work,

available for suitable work, or the actively seeking suitable work requirements of division (A)(4)(a) of section 4141.29 of the Revised Code . (P) “ OVI violation ” means any of the following: (1) A violation of section 4511.19 of the Revised Code , of any municipal ordinance prohibiting the operation of a vehicle while under the

influence of alcohol, a drug of abuse, or a combination of them, or of any municipal

ordinance prohibiting the operation of a vehicle with a prohibited concentration of

alcohol, a controlled substance, or a metabolite of a controlled substance in the

whole blood, blood serum or plasma, breath, or urine; (2) A violation of division (A)(1) of section 2903.06 of the Revised Code ; (3) A violation of division (A)(2), (3), or (4) of section 2903.06 of the Revised Code

or of a municipal ordinance substantially similar to any of those divisions, if the

offender was under the influence of alcohol, a drug of abuse, or a combination of

them, at the time of the commission of the offense; (4) For purposes of any person described in division (A)(2) of this section, a violation

of any law of the state, district, territory, or foreign country in which the criminally

injurious conduct occurred, if that law is substantially similar to a violation described

in division (P)(1) or (2) of this section or if that law is substantially similar

to a violation described in division (P)(3) of this section and the offender was under

the influence of alcohol, a drug of abuse, or a combination of them, at the time of

the commission of the offense. (Q) “ Pendency of the claim ” for an original reparations application or supplemental reparations application

means the period of time from the date the criminally injurious conduct upon which

the application is based occurred until the date a final decision, order, or judgment

concerning that original reparations application or supplemental reparations application

is issued. (R) “ Terrorism ” means any activity to which all of the following apply: (1) The activity involves a violent act or an act that is dangerous to human life. (2) The act described in division (R)(1) of this section is committed within the territorial

jurisdiction of the United States and is a violation of the criminal laws of the United

States, this state, or any other state or the act described in division (R)(1) of

this section is committed outside the territorial jurisdiction of the United States

and would be a violation of the criminal laws of the United States, this state, or

any other state if committed within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States. (3) The activity appears to be intended to do any of the following: (a) Intimidate or coerce a civilian population; (b) Influence the policy of any government by intimidation or coercion; (c) Affect the conduct of any government by assassination or kidnapping. (4) The activity occurs primarily outside the territorial jurisdiction of the United

States or transcends the national boundaries of the United States in terms of the

means by which the activity is accomplished, the person or persons that the activity

appears intended to intimidate or coerce, or the area or locale in which the perpetrator

or perpetrators of the activity operate or seek asylum. (S) “ Transcends the national boundaries of the United States ” means occurring outside the territorial jurisdiction of the United States in addition

to occurring within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States. (T) “ Cost of crime scene cleanup ” means any of the following: (1) The replacement cost for items of clothing removed from a victim in order to make

an assessment of possible physical harm or to treat physical harm; (2) Reasonable and necessary costs of cleaning the scene and repairing, for the purpose

of personal security, property damaged at the scene where the criminally injurious

conduct occurred, not to exceed seven hundred fifty dollars in the aggregate per claim. (U) “ Cost of evidence replacement ” means costs for replacement of property confiscated for evidentiary purposes related

to the criminally injurious conduct, not to exceed seven hundred fifty dollars in

the aggregate per claim. (V) “ Provider ” means any person who provides a victim or claimant with a product, service, or accommodations

that are an allowable expense or a funeral expense. (W) “ Immediate family member ” means an individual who resided in the same permanent household as a victim at the

time of the criminally injurious conduct and who is related to the victim by affinity

or consanguinity. (X) “ Family member ” means an individual who is related to a victim by affinity or consanguinity.