Ohio § 1304.57

§ 1304.57.

(A) A payment order received by the receiving bank is the authorized order of the person

identified as sender if that person authorized the order or is otherwise bound by

it under the law of agency. (B)(1) If a bank and its customer have agreed that the authenticity of payment orders issued

to the bank in the name of the customer as sender will be verified pursuant to a security

procedure, a payment order received by the receiving bank is effective as the order

of the customer, whether or not authorized, if both of the following apply: (a) The security procedure is a commercially reasonable method of providing security

against unauthorized payment orders. (b) The bank proves that it accepted the payment order in good faith and in compliance

with the security procedure and any written agreement or instruction of the customer

restricting acceptance of payment orders issued in the name of the customer. (2) The bank is not required to follow an instruction that violates a written agreement

with the customer or notice of which is not received at a time and in a manner affording

the bank a reasonable opportunity to act on it before the payment order is accepted. (C)(1) Commercial reasonableness of a security procedure is a question of law to be determined

by considering all of the following: (a) The wishes of the customer expressed to the bank; (b) The circumstances of the customer known to the bank, including the size, type, and

frequency of payment orders normally issued by the customer to the bank; (c) Alternative security procedures offered to the customer; (d) Security procedures in general use by customers and receiving banks similarly situated. (2) A security procedure is deemed to be commercially reasonable if both of the following

apply: (a) The security procedure was chosen by the customer after the bank offered, and the

customer refused, a security procedure that was commercially reasonable for that customer. (b) The customer expressly agreed in writing to be bound by any payment order, whether

or not authorized, issued in its name and accepted by the bank in compliance with

the security procedure chosen by the customer. (D) As used in sections 1304.51 to 1304.85 of the Revised Code , “sender” includes the customer in whose name a payment order is issued if the order

is the authorized order of the customer under division (A) of this section, or is

effective as the order of the customer under division (B) of this section. (E) This section applies to amendments and cancellations of payment orders to the same

extent it applies to payment orders. (F) Except as provided in this section and in division (A)(1) of section 1304.58 of the Revised Code , rights and obligations arising under this section or section 1304.58 of the Revised Code may not be varied by agreement.