Ohio § 1109.23
Full text of Ohio Ohio Revised Code § 1109.23, with citation guidance and answers to common questions.
§ 1109.23.
(A) No state bank may extend credit to any of its executive officers, directors, or principal
shareholders, or to any of their related interests, except as authorized by this section
and, with respect to executive officers, as authorized by section 1109.24 of the Revised Code . (B)(1) A state bank may extend credit to any of its executive officers, directors, or principal
shareholders, or to any of their related interests, only if all of the following apply
to the extension of credit: (a) The extension of credit is made on substantially the same terms, including interest
rates and collateral, as those terms prevailing at the time for comparable transactions
by the bank with persons who are not executive officers, directors, principal shareholders,
or employees of the bank. (b) The extension of credit does not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or
present other unfavorable features. (c) The bank follows credit underwriting procedures that are not less stringent than
those applicable to comparable transactions by the bank with persons who are not executive
officers, directors, principal shareholders, or employees of the bank. (2) Nothing in division (B)(1) of this section shall be construed to prohibit any extension
of credit made pursuant to a benefit or compensation program that meets both of the
following conditions: (a) The program is available to all employees of the bank; (b) The program does not give preference to any officer, director, or principal shareholder
of the bank, or to any related interest of an officer, director, or principal shareholder,
over other employees of the bank. (C) A state bank may extend credit to any of its executive officers, directors, or principal
shareholders, or to any of their related interests, in an amount that, when aggregated
with the amount of all outstanding extensions of credit by the bank to the executive
officer, director, or principal shareholder and that person's related interests, would
exceed an amount prescribed by the superintendent of financial institutions, only
if both of the following conditions are met: (1) The extension of credit has been approved in advance by a majority vote of the bank's
entire board of directors. (2) The executive officer, director, or principal shareholder, who or whose related interest
would be obligated on the extension of credit, has abstained from participating, directly
or indirectly, in the deliberations or voting on the extension of credit. (D) A state bank may extend credit to any of its executive officers, directors, or principal
shareholders, or to any of their related interests, only if the extension of credit
is in an amount that, when aggregated with the amount of all outstanding extensions
of credit by the bank to the executive officer, director, or principal shareholder
and that person's related interests, would not exceed the limit on loans to a single
borrower established by section 1109.22 of the Revised Code . (E)(1) A state bank may extend credit to any of its executive officers, directors, or principal
shareholders, or to any of their related interests, if the extension of credit is
in an amount that, when aggregated with the amount of all outstanding extensions of
credit by the bank to all of its executive officers, directors, principal shareholders,
and their related interests, would not exceed the bank's unimpaired capital. (2) The superintendent may prescribe a limit that is more stringent than the limit contained
in division (E)(1) of this section. (3) The superintendent may make exceptions to division (E)(1) of this section for state
banks with less than one hundred million dollars in deposits, if the superintendent
determines that the exceptions are important to avoid constricting the availability
of credit in small communities or to attract directors to those banks. In no case may the aggregate amount of all outstanding extensions of credit by a
state bank to all of its executive officers, directors, principal shareholders, and
their related interests, be more than two times the bank's unimpaired capital. (F)(1) If any executive officer or director of a state bank has an account at the bank,
the bank may not pay from that account an amount exceeding the funds on deposit in
the account. (2) Division (F)(1) does not prohibit the bank from paying funds in accordance with either
of the following: (a) A written, preauthorized, interest-bearing extension of credit specifying a method
of repayment; (b) A written preauthorized transfer of funds from another account of the executive officer
or director at that bank. (G) No executive officer, director, or principal shareholder shall knowingly receive,
or knowingly permit any of that person's related interests to receive, from a state
bank, directly or indirectly, any extension of credit not authorized under this section. (H)(1) Subject to division (H)(2) of this section, for purposes of this section, any executive
officer, director, or principal shareholder of any company of which the state bank
is a subsidiary, or of any other subsidiary of that company, is deemed to be an executive
officer, director, or principal shareholder, respectively, of the bank. (2) The superintendent may make exceptions to the application of division (H)(1) of this
section for any person who is an executive officer or director of a subsidiary of
a company that controls a state bank, if both of the following apply: (a) The person does not have authority to participate, and does not participate, in major
policymaking functions of the bank. (b) The assets of the subsidiary do not exceed ten per cent of the consolidated assets
of the company that controls the bank, and the subsidiary is not controlled by any
other company. (I) For purposes of this section: (1) “ State bank ” includes any subsidiary of a state bank. (2)(a) “ Company ” means any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, business or other
trust, association, joint venture, pool syndicate, sole proprietorship, unincorporated
organization, or other business entity. (b) “Company” does not include either of the following: (i) A bank, savings bank, or savings association, the deposits of which are insured by
the federal deposit insurance corporation; (ii) A corporation the majority of the shares of which are owned by the United States
or by any state of the United States. (3) “ Control ” of a company or state bank by a person means the person, directly or indirectly,
or acting through or in concert with one or more persons, meets any of the following: (a) The person owns, controls, or has the power to vote twenty-five per cent or more
of any class of the company's or, in the case of a stock state bank, the bank's voting
securities. (b) The person controls in any manner the election of a majority of the company's or
state bank's directors. (c) The person has the power to exercise a controlling influence over the company's or
state bank's management or policies. (4) “ Executive officer ” means a person who participates or has the authority to participate, other than
as a director, in major policymaking functions of a company or state bank. (5) To “ extend credit ” or to make an “ extension of credit ” means to make or renew any loan, to grant a line of credit, or to enter into any
similar transaction as a result of which an executive officer, director, or principal
shareholder, or any of that person's related interests, becomes obligated, directly,
indirectly, or by any means whatsoever, to pay money or its equivalent to the state
bank. (6) “ Principal shareholder ” means a person who, directly or indirectly, or acting through or in concert with
one or more persons, owns, controls, or has the power to vote more than ten per cent
of any class of voting securities of a stock state bank or company, other than a company
of which the bank is a subsidiary. (7) “ Related interest ” of a person means either of the following: (a) Any company controlled by that person; (b) Any political committee or campaign committee that is controlled by that person or
the funds or services of which will benefit that person. (8) “ Subsidiary ” means any company of which a state bank or company meets any of the following: (a) The bank or company owns twenty-five per cent or more of the voting shares of the
company. (b) The bank or company controls in any manner the election of a majority of the directors
of the company. (c) The bank or company has the power, directly or indirectly, to exercise a controlling
influence with respect to the management or policies of the company.
Frequently Asked Questions About Ohio § 1109.23
What does Ohio Revised Code § 1109.23 cover?
Section 1109.23 is part of the Ohio Revised Code, the codified statutory law of Ohio. It sets out the legal rule or procedure described in the text above. Statutes are amended regularly, so always verify against the official source.
How do I cite Ohio § 1109.23?
A common citation format is "Ohio Revised Code § 1109.23" (Ohio). Legal writing may require the code abbreviation, section number, and year or edition. Match the style required by your court, professor, or publisher.
Is this the official text of Ohio law?
No. This page is for research and education and may not include the most recent amendments. For official current law, check the Ohio official source linked on this page or consult a licensed Ohio attorney.
How does Ohio § 1109.23 apply to my situation?
Statutes are interpreted in context, and application depends on your specific facts. Only a licensed attorney in Ohio can advise on how this section applies to you. Contact your state or local bar association for a referral.
Sources & Verification
Not legal advice. Verify against the official source and consult a licensed attorney in Ohio.