Ohio § 5301.56

§ 5301.56.

(A) As used in this section: (1) “ Holder ” means the record holder of a mineral interest, and any person who derives the person's

rights from, or has a common source with, the record holder and whose claim does not

indicate, expressly or by clear implication, that it is adverse to the interest of

the record holder. (2) “ Drilling or mining permit ” means a permit issued under Chapter 1509., 1513., or 1514. of the Revised Code to

the holder to drill an oil or gas well or to mine other minerals. (3) “ Mineral interest ” means a fee interest in at least one mineral regardless of how the interest is created

and of the form of the interest, which may be absolute or fractional or divided or

undivided. (4) “ Mineral ” means gas, oil, coal, coalbed methane gas, other gaseous, liquid, and solid hydrocarbons,

sand, gravel, clay, shale, gypsum, halite, limestone, dolomite, sandstone, other stone,

metalliferous or nonmetalliferous ore, or another material or substance of commercial

value that is excavated in a solid state from natural deposits on or in the earth. (5) “ Owner of the surface of the lands subject to the interest ” includes the owner's successors and assignees. (B) Any mineral interest held by any person, other than the owner of the surface of the

lands subject to the interest, shall be deemed abandoned and vested in the owner of

the surface of the lands subject to the interest if the requirements established in

division (E) of this section are satisfied and none of the following applies: (1) The mineral interest is in coal, or in mining or other rights pertinent to or exercisable

in connection with an interest in coal, as described in division (E) of section 5301.53 of the Revised Code .  However, if a mineral interest includes both coal and other minerals that are not

coal, the mineral interests that are not in coal may be deemed abandoned and vest

in the owner of the surface of the lands subject to the interest. (2) The mineral interest is held by the United States, this state, or any political subdivision,

body politic, or agency of the United States or this state, as described in division (G) of section 5301.53 of the Revised Code . (3) Within the twenty years immediately preceding the date on which notice is served

or published under division (E) of this section, one or more of the following has

occurred: (a) The mineral interest has been the subject of a title transaction that has been filed

or recorded in the office of the county recorder of the county in which the lands

are located. (b) There has been actual production or withdrawal of minerals by the holder from the

lands, from lands covered by a lease to which the mineral interest is subject, from

a mine a portion of which is located beneath the lands, or, in the case of oil or

gas, from lands pooled, unitized, or included in unit operations, under sections 1509.26 to 1509.28 of the Revised Code , in which the mineral interest is participating, provided that the instrument or

order creating or providing for the pooling or unitization of oil or gas interests

has been filed or recorded in the office of the county recorder of the county in which

the lands that are subject to the pooling or unitization are located. (c) The mineral interest has been used in underground gas storage operations by the holder. (d) A drilling or mining permit has been issued to the holder, provided that an affidavit

that states the name of the permit holder, the permit number, the type of permit,

and a legal description of the lands affected by the permit has been filed or recorded,

in accordance with section 5301.252 of the Revised Code , in the office of the county recorder of the county in which the lands are located. (e) A claim to preserve the mineral interest has been filed in accordance with division

(C) of this section. (f) In the case of a separated mineral interest, a separately listed tax parcel number

has been created for the mineral interest in the county auditor's tax list and the

county treasurer's duplicate tax list in the county in which the lands are located. (C)(1) A claim to preserve a mineral interest from being deemed abandoned under division

(B) of this section may be filed for record by its holder.  Subject to division (C)(3) of this section, the claim shall be recorded in accordance

with division (H) of this section and sections 317.18 to 317.20 and 5301.52 of the Revised Code , and shall consist of a notice that does all of the following: (a) States the nature of the mineral interest claimed and any recording information upon

which the claim is based; (b) Otherwise complies with section 5301.52 of the Revised Code ; (c) States that the holder does not intend to abandon, but instead to preserve, the holder's

rights in the mineral interest. (2) A claim that complies with division (C)(1) of this section or, if applicable, divisions

(C)(1) and (3) of this section preserves the rights of all holders of a mineral interest

in the same lands. (3) Any holder of an interest for use in underground gas storage operations may preserve

the holder's interest, and those of any lessor of the interest, by a single claim,

that defines the boundaries of the storage field or pool and its formations, without

describing each separate interest claimed.  The claim is prima-facie evidence of the use of each separate interest in underground

gas storage operations. (D)(1) A mineral interest may be preserved indefinitely from being deemed abandoned under

division (B) of this section by the occurrence of any of the circumstances described

in division (B)(3) of this section, including, but not limited to, successive filings

of claims to preserve mineral interests under division (C) of this section. (2) The filing of a claim to preserve a mineral interest under division (C) of this section

does not affect the right of a lessor of an oil or gas lease to obtain its forfeiture

under section 5301.332 of the Revised Code . (E) Before a mineral interest becomes vested under division (B) of this section in the

owner of the surface of the lands subject to the interest, the owner of the surface

of the lands subject to the interest shall do both of the following: (1) Serve notice by certified mail, return receipt requested, to each holder or each

holder's successors or assignees, at the last known address of each, of the owner's

intent to declare the mineral interest abandoned.  If service of notice cannot be completed to any holder, the owner shall publish

notice of the owner's intent to declare the mineral interest abandoned at least once

in a newspaper of general circulation in each county in which the land that is subject

to the interest is located.  The notice shall contain all of the information specified in division (F) of this

section. (2) At least thirty, but not later than sixty days after the date on which the notice

required under division (E)(1) of this section is served or published, as applicable,

file in the office of the county recorder of each county in which the surface of the

land that is subject to the interest is located an affidavit of abandonment that contains

all of the information specified in division (G) of this section. (F) The notice required under division (E)(1) of this section shall contain all of the

following: (1) The name of each holder and the holder's successors and assignees, as applicable; (2) A description of the surface of the land that is subject to the mineral interest.  The description shall include the volume and page number of the recorded deed or

other recorded instrument under which the owner of the surface of the lands claims

title or otherwise satisfies the requirements established in division (A)(3) of section 5301.52 of the Revised Code . (3) A description of the mineral interest to be abandoned.  The description shall include the volume and page number of the recorded instrument

on which the mineral interest is based. (4) A statement attesting that nothing specified in division (B)(3) of this section has

occurred within the twenty years immediately preceding the date on which notice is

served or published under division (E) of this section; (5) A statement of the intent of the owner of the surface of the lands subject to the

mineral interest to file in the office of the county recorder an affidavit of abandonment

at least thirty, but not later than sixty days after the date on which notice is served

or published, as applicable. (G) An affidavit of abandonment shall contain all of the following: (1) A statement that the person filing the affidavit is the owner of the surface of the

lands subject to the interest; (2) The volume and page number of the recorded instrument on which the mineral interest

is based; (3) A statement that the mineral interest has been abandoned pursuant to division (B)

of this section; (4) A recitation of the facts constituting the abandonment; (5) A statement that notice was served on each holder or each holder's successors or

assignees or published in accordance with division (E) of this section. (H)(1) If a holder or a holder's successors or assignees claim that the mineral interest

that is the subject of a notice under division (E) of this section has not been abandoned,

the holder or the holder's successors or assignees, not later than sixty days after

the date on which the notice was served or published, as applicable, shall file in

the office of the county recorder of each county where the land that is subject to

the mineral interest is located one of the following: (a) A claim to preserve the mineral interest in accordance with division (C) of this

section; (b) An affidavit that identifies an event described in division (B)(3) of this section

that has occurred within the twenty years immediately preceding the date on which

the notice was served or published under division (E) of this section. The holder or the holder's successors or assignees shall notify the person who served

or published the notice under division (E) of this section of the filing under this

division. (2) If a holder or a holder's successors or assignees who claim that the mineral interest

that is the subject of a notice under division (E) of this section has not been abandoned

fails to file a claim to preserve the mineral interest, files such a claim more than

sixty days after the date on which the notice was served or published under division

(E) of this section, fails to file an affidavit that identifies an event described

in division (B)(3) of this section that has occurred within the twenty years immediately

preceding the date on which the notice was served or published under division (E)

of this section, or files such an affidavit more than sixty days after the date on

which the notice was served or published under that division, the owner of the surface

of the lands subject to the interest who is seeking to have the interest deemed abandoned

and vested in the owner shall file in the office of the county recorder of each county

where the land that is subject to the mineral interest is located a notice of failure

to file.  The notice shall contain all of the following: (a) A statement that the person filing the notice is the owner of the surface of the

lands subject to the mineral interest; (b) A description of the surface of the land that is subject to the mineral interest; (c) The statement:  “This mineral interest abandoned pursuant to affidavit of abandonment

recorded in volume ․․․․, page ․․․․․” Immediately after the notice of failure to file a mineral interest is recorded, the

mineral interest shall vest in the owner of the surface of the lands formerly subject

to the interest, and the record of the mineral interest shall cease to be notice to

the public of the existence of the mineral interest or of any rights under it.  In addition, the record shall not be received as evidence in any court in this state

on behalf of the former holder or the former holder's successors or assignees against

the owner of the surface of the lands formerly subject to the interest.  However, the abandonment and vesting of a mineral interest pursuant to divisions

(E) to (I) of this section only shall be effective as to the property of the owner

that filed the affidavit of abandonment under division (E) of this section. (I) For purposes of a recording under this section, a county recorder shall charge the

fee established under section 317.32 of the Revised Code .