New York § 4540-A - 4540-APresumption of authenticity based on a party's production of material authored or otherwise created by the party
Full text of New York New York Consolidated Laws § 4540-A — 4540-APresumption of authenticity based on a party's production of material authored or otherwise created by the party, with citation guidance and answers to common questions.
§ 4540-A. 4540-APresumption of authenticity based on a party's production of material authored or otherwise created by the party
Rule 4540-a. Presumption of authenticity based on a party's production of material authored or otherwise created by the party. Material produced by a party in response to a demand pursuant to article thirty-one of this chapter for material authored or otherwise created by such party shall be presumed authentic when offered into evidence by an adverse party. Such presumption may be rebutted by a preponderance of evidence proving such material is not authentic, and shall not preclude any other objection to admissibility.
Source: official New York text · Last verified 2026-08-27
Frequently Asked Questions About New York § 4540-A
What does New York Consolidated Laws § 4540-A cover?
Section 4540-A ("4540-APresumption of authenticity based on a party's production of material authored or otherwise created by the party") is part of the New York Consolidated Laws, the codified statutory law of New York. It sets out the legal rule or procedure described in the text above. Statutes are amended regularly, so always verify against the official source.
How do I cite New York § 4540-A?
A common citation format is "New York Consolidated Laws § 4540-A" (New York). Legal writing may require the code abbreviation, section number, and year or edition. Match the style required by your court, professor, or publisher.
Is this the official text of New York law?
No. This page is for research and education and may not include the most recent amendments. For official current law, check the New York official source linked on this page or consult a licensed New York attorney.
How does New York § 4540-A apply to my situation?
Statutes are interpreted in context, and application depends on your specific facts. Only a licensed attorney in New York can advise on how this section applies to you. Contact your state or local bar association for a referral.
Sources & Verification
Not legal advice. Verify against the official source and consult a licensed attorney in New York.