Michigan Code — TRADE.AND.COMMERCE
Browse 762 sections in division TRADE.AND.COMMERCE of the Michigan code. Each section page includes the full statutory text, official source links, and citation guidance.
Sections (showing up to 300)
- § 445.1. Certificate required to carry on business under assumed name; filing; form; contents; fee; execution and acknowledgment; exceptions; certification and return of duplicate; “person” and “address” defined; imposition of fee by certain charter counties.
- § 445.1a. Certificate; use of assumed name authorized for 5 years; renewal certificate; filing, form, fee, and duration; notice; abandonment of assumed name; destruction of certificate.
- § 445.2. Assumed name certificates; filing period; rejection by county clerk.
- § 445.2a. Assumed name; change of business location certificate, filing.
- § 445.2b. Assumed name; discontinuance of operation certificate, filing.
- § 445.2c. Certified copies of original or renewal certificates; request ; fee.
- § 445.3. Certificates; alphabetical index; indexing and filing fee; certified copy as evidence; cost of certified copies; certificate as evidence of partnership; service of process; extension of time; jurisdiction.
- § 445.4. Contents of certificate; applicability of act to corporation or limited partnership.
- § 445.5. Violation of act; penalty; violation of contracts, effect.
- § 445.11. Short title.
- § 445.12. Meanings of words and phrases.
- § 445.13. Definitions; A to E.
- § 445.14. Definitions; O to S.
- § 445.15. Office of business permits; creation; department representatives; duties of office.
- § 445.16. Report of state agency required to review, approve, or grant permits; information file on state agency permits; list of permits; availability and contents; preparation and distribution of information explaining permit requirements affecting businesses; report of new or modified permit; effective date; recommendations.
- § 445.17. Master application procedure.
- § 445.18. Preapplication conference.
- § 445.19. Rejection of permit application; classification and explanation.
- § 445.20. Services available without cost.
- § 445.21. Annual appropriation.
- § 445.22. Annual report.
- § 445.23. Rules.
- § 445.24. Applicability of act.
- § 445.31. Short title.
- § 445.32. Definitions.
- § 445.33. Taking, holding, concealing, or destroying mail addressed to another person; prohibited conduct; violation as a crime; penalties; applicable whether alive or deceased.
- § 445.51. Short title.
- § 445.52. Definitions.
- § 445.53. Use of terms “cooperative,”“co-op,” or variation thereof.
- § 445.54. Powers of enforcement.
- § 445.55. Action for declaratory judgment or injunction; action for damages and attorneys' fees.
- § 445.56. Effective date.
- § 445.57. Conditional effective date.
- § 445.61. Short title.
- § 445.63. Definitions.
- § 445.64. Exemption.
- § 445.65. Prohibited acts; violations; defense in civil action or criminal prosecution; burden of proof.
- § 445.65a. Definitions; prohibited acts; obtaining confidential telephone records by law enforcement agency or telecommunication provider.
- § 445.67. Additional prohibited acts.
- § 445.67a. Prohibited acts; interactive computer service provider not liable for certain actions; civil action by attorney general or interactive computer service provider; exception; recovery of damages; investigation.
- § 445.69. Certain violations as felony; penalty; consecutive sentences; defense in civil action or criminal prosecution; burden of proof; exception.
- § 445.71. Prohibited acts in conduct of trade or commerce; violation as misdemeanor; penalty; civil liability.
- § 445.72. Notice of security breach; requirements.
- § 445.72a. Destruction of data containing personal information required; violation as misdemeanor; fine; compliance; "destroy" defined.
- § 445.72b. Misrepresentation by advertisement or solicitation prohibited; violation as misdemeanor; penalty; civil remedy.
- § 445.73. Verification of information; use of vital record.
- § 445.75. Repeal of MCL 750.285.
- § 445.77. Effective date.
- § 445.79. Property subject to forfeiture.
- § 445.79a. Seizure of forfeited property; seizure without process; circumstances.
- § 445.79b. Seizure without process of property not exceeding $50,000.00; procedure; powers of seizing agency; title; examination of seized money; return of money; burden of proof.
- § 445.79c. Forfeited property; powers of local government or state; appointment and authority of receiver; payment of expenses.
- § 445.79d. Seizure and forfeiture activities; report by agency to department of state police; audit; "reporting agency" defined.
- § 445.81. Short title.
- § 445.82. Definitions.
- § 445.83. Prohibited use of social security number of employee, student, or other individual; exceptions.
- § 445.84. Privacy policy.
- § 445.85. Exemption from disclosure.
- § 445.86. Violation of MCL 445.83 as misdemeanor; penalty; recovery of damages in civil action.
- § 445.87. Effective date.
- § 445.101. Unlawful trade practices; suppression.
- § 445.102. Unlawful trade practices; definitions.
- § 445.103. Unlawful trade practices; wholesale, use of term.
- § 445.104. Unlawful trade practices; employee, use of term.
- § 445.105. Unlawful trade practices; manufacturer, miller, wholesaler and broker, use of terms.
- § 445.106. Unlawful trade practices; purchase of unrelated business items; automobile seat belts, exemption.
- § 445.106a. Unlawful trade practices; sale at reduced price, false representation.
- § 445.106b. Unlawful trade practices; United States government, use of terms, exception.
- § 445.106c. Unlawful trade practices; unclaimed freight.
- § 445.107. Unlawful trade practices; circuit court injunction; compensatory costs; sales tax, collection.
- § 445.108. Unlawful trade practices; rescission.
- § 445.109. Unlawful trade practices; sale of product by employer to employee.
- § 445.111. Definitions.
- § 445.111a. Telephonic solicitation using recorded message prohibited; establishment of state do-not-call list.
- § 445.111b. Information to be provided by person making telephone solicitation; interference with caller ID function prohibited.
- § 445.111c. Unfair or deceptive act or practice; violation; penalty; damages.
- § 445.111d. Do-not-call list; notice of description and enrollment; “telecommunication provider” defined.
- § 445.111e. Applicability of MCL 445.111a, 445.111b, 445.111c, and 445.111d.
- § 445.112. Right of buyer to cancel home solicitation sale; time; notice of cancellation; restriction on right to cancel; sale subject to debtor's right to rescind.
- § 445.113. Written agreement or offer to purchase; contents; form; cancellation; exceptions; conditions.
- § 445.114. Tender of payments or goods to buyer; failure to tender goods; effect of noncompliance.
- § 445.115. Demand by seller for return of goods; care and availability of goods; effect of failure to demand return of goods; compensation for services performed.
- § 445.116. Refunds or penalties as set off or defense.
- § 445.117. Action for collection of home solicitation sale contract.
- § 445.131. Unsolicited merchandise; rights of recipients.
- § 445.141. Vendor's rescission of sale of goods; refund; goods, possession.
- § 445.142. Violation of act; penalty.
- § 445.161. Clinical laboratory work; billing patient or third party in excess of amount billed licensed person.
- § 445.162. Physicians not to receive fee from laboratory.
- § 445.163. Violation; penalty.
- § 445.251. Definitions.
- § 445.252. Prohibited acts.
- § 445.253. Cease and desist order; hearing; failure to comply with order; action in circuit court; fine.
- § 445.254. Action to restrain act or practice; injunction and other equitable orders or judgments.
- § 445.255. Assurance of discontinuance; contents; filing; record; opening closed matter for further proceedings.
- § 445.256. Wilful violation of act or engaging in recurring course of wilful conduct in violation of act; penalties.
- § 445.257. Action for damages or equitable relief; amount of recovery; civil fine; attorney's fees and court costs.
- § 445.258. Communications with person other than debtor for purpose of acquiring location information; required statements.
- § 445.271. Definitions.
- § 445.272. Reporting adverse information about cosigner; notice; response; prohibition.
- § 445.273. Action by cosigner; notice; statement; resolution.
- § 445.301. Purchasing poultry for resale; record.
- § 445.302. Duty of seller; statement, signature.
- § 445.303. Blanks for record; furnished by secretary of state.
- § 445.304. Blanks for record; custody, inspection.
- § 445.305. Violation of act; penalty.
- § 445.311. Short title.
- § 445.312. Definitions.
- § 445.313. Director of department of agriculture and rural development; duties.
- § 445.314. Advertisements; requirements; guarantee; notification of availability of items; applicability of section to certain goods.
- § 445.315. Untrue, deceptive, or misleading advertisement; "not first class" defined.
- § 445.316. Exceptions to MCL 445.314 and 445.315.
- § 445.317. Display of total price of consumer item offered for sale; exceptions.
- § 445.318. Charging higher price than price displayed on item; violation.
- § 445.319. Applicability of section to certain sales; conditions; loss suffered by buyer; notification; recovery; action brought by buyer; section inapplicable to seller intentionally charging more than displayed price.
- § 445.320. Injunction; proceeding; assurance of discontinuance of act or practice; forwarding of notice of violation; civil fine; rules.
- § 445.321. Public consumer education program; purpose; appropriation; internet website.
- § 445.322. Individual or class action.
- § 445.323. Investigation by prosecuting attorney; action.
- § 445.324. Remedies; enactment of inconsistent ordinances or regulations.
- § 445.371. Definitions.
- § 445.372. Transient merchants; license required.
- § 445.373. Application for license; contents; attachment; service of process; deposit or surety bond; fee; issuance and expiration of license; copies to state treasurer; display of license.
- § 445.374. License; deposit; subjection to claims; balance, deposit.
- § 445.375. License; invalidation, exhaustion of deposit; revocation.
- § 445.376. Transient merchants; evidence.
- § 445.377. Violation as misdemeanor; penalty; impounding goods; recovery or sale of impounded goods; notice; conduct of sale; disposition of proceeds; liability.
- § 445.378. Effect of act as to local license or regulation.
- § 445.401. Second hand or junk dealer; license required; automated recycling kiosk; internet drop-off store exempt from licensure; articles of scrap metal; compliance required.
- § 445.402. Second hand or junk dealer; license, issuance; terms; transferability; fee; inspection.
- § 445.403. Definitions.
- § 445.404. Second hand or junk dealer; sign; prerequisites; record; inspection.
- § 445.405. Second hand or junk dealer; articles purchased or exchanged; retention; retention automated recycling kiosk; tagging; record; requirements; exceptions.
- § 445.406. Second hand or junk dealer; person without business place; retention of goods, record for police.
- § 445.407. Second hand or junk dealer; unlawful purchases.
- § 445.408. Violation of act; penalties; remedies.
- § 445.421. Short title.
- § 445.423. Definitions.
- § 445.425. Scrap metal dealer; seller; duties.
- § 445.426. Payment methods for certain purchase transactions; electronic database; requirements; single shared electronic database; determination or selection by department of state police; objection; filing petition; hearing; duties of scrap metal dealer upon implementation and operation of database; payment.
- § 445.427. Record of purchase transaction; preparation and maintenance; duration; location; availability for inspection; contents; exception; use of electronic record-keeping system.
- § 445.429. Article containing nonferrous metal; tagging and holding by dealer required; circumstances; creation and maintenance of records; certain sales prohibited.
- § 445.430. Sale or purchase of certain property prohibited.
- § 445.431. Database; registration with or subscription to be required.
- § 445.433. Violation of MCL 445.427 or 445.429 as misdemeanor; malfunction as affirmative defense; conduct as felony; penalties; report by department of state police.
- § 445.435. Violation of act as state civil infraction; violation of MCL 445.426 as state civil infraction; penalties.
- § 445.437. Private cause of action; damages; "value of the property stolen" defined; costs and attorney fees.
- § 445.439. Remedies.
- § 445.441. Effective date.
- § 445.443. Conditional effective date.
- § 445.451. Junk yards; township licenses, fees, regulations, state of purchases.
- § 445.452. Junk yards; regulations, publication.
- § 445.453. Violation of act; penalty.
- § 445.481. Short title.
- § 445.482. Definitions.
- § 445.483. Dealer; certificate of registration required; internet drop-off store exempt from registration; application; fee; disclosures; dealer, agent, or employee convicted of misdemeanor or felony; compliance with local ordinances; issuance and posting of certificate; notification of change in name or address.
- § 445.484. Permanent record of each transaction; forms; copies; information required; numbering; sending copy of record of transaction form to police agency or sheriff's department; inspection; confidentiality; retention period; size of form; definition.
- § 445.485. Retaining precious item for 9 calendar days; alteration.
- § 445.486. Prohibited conduct.
- § 445.487. Failure to make entry in records as misdemeanor or felony; penalty.
- § 445.488. Violation of MCL 445.483(7) or (8) or 445.484(1)(e), (3), (4), or (5) as misdemeanor or felony; penalty.
- § 445.489. Conduct constituting felony; penalty.
- § 445.490. Violation of MCL 445.483(1) or 445.485 as felony; penalty.
- § 445.491. Action against dealer; grounds; damages, costs, and attorneys' fees.
- § 445.492. Effective date.
- § 445.501. Used car lot; definition.
- § 445.502. Township used car lot; resolution; license, fee, application; rules; licensee, sworn statement, mailing.
- § 445.503. Resolution, rules and regulations; posting, affidavit; township clerk, filing.
- § 445.504. Violation of act; penalty.
- § 445.541. Meanings of words and phrases.
- § 445.542. Definitions.
- § 445.543. Dealer agreement and compliance required for sale or purchase of new watercraft or new outboard motor.
- § 445.544. Contents of dealer agreement.
- § 445.545. Sale, transfer, or exchange of dealership; consent; criteria; prohibited conduct.
- § 445.546. Inability of designated successor to succeed new watercraft dealer.
- § 445.547. Designated successor of deceased or incapacitated new watercraft dealer; notice of intent; existing dealer agreement; personal and financial data; notice of refusal to approve succession.
- § 445.551. Definitions.
- § 445.552. Sale; tag, size, wording.
- § 445.553. Invoice; contents.
- § 445.554. Advertisement.
- § 445.555. Violation of act; penalty.
- § 445.571. Definitions.
- § 445.571a. "Container composed of a combination of these materials" defined.
- § 445.572. Nonreturnable containers; prohibitions; means for return and refund; regional redemption centers; acceptance of containers and payment of refunds; indicating refund value and name of state on container; exception; metal containers with detachable parts prohibited; deposit previously refunded; refund upon reuse; maximum daily refund; agreement on deposit; refund by manufacturer.
- § 445.572a. Designated metal, glass, or plastic containers; sale or offer of sale of certain beverages; requirements; violations; definitions.
- § 445.573. Certification of beverage containers.
- § 445.573a. Report; filing; contents.
- § 445.573b. Unclaimed bottle deposits; audit, assessment, and collection by department of treasury; payment by underredeemer; overredemption credit; payment of refund to overredeemer; report; definitions.
- § 445.573c. Bottle deposit fund and bottle bill enforcement fund; creation; administration; deposits; disbursements; report of effectiveness and information; rules.
- § 445.573d. Unclaimed deposits.
- § 445.573e. Cleanup and redevelopment trust fund.
- § 445.573f. Community pollution prevention fund.
- § 445.574. Violation; penalty; separate offense; violations of section 4c; enhanced sentence; limitation.
- § 445.574a. Prohibited return to dealer, distributor, or manufacturer; violation; penalty; exceptions; restitution; action brought by attorney general or county prosecutor.
- § 445.574b. Posting notice on dealer's premises; failure to comply; penalty.
- § 445.574c. Distributor sale to dealer; 10 cent deposit; exceptions; record.
- § 445.575. Repeal of MCL 445.191.
- § 445.576. Effective date.
- § 445.591. Definitions.
- § 445.592. Prohibition, restriction, or regulation of auxiliary containers by local government; prohibitions.
- § 445.593. Scope of MCL 445.592.
- § 445.601. Abandonment of business by municipally aided company without restoration of benefits and interest unlawful.
- § 445.602. Abandonment of business; application of act; benefit to company officer or agent or to predecessor company.
- § 445.603. Violation of act; misdemeanor.
- § 445.604. Violation of act; penalty.
- § 445.605. Restoration of benefits; payment.
- § 445.606. Forfeitures and injunctions; rights of municipality upon failure of company.
- § 445.611. Definitions.
- § 445.612. Transfer of rights, title, and interest in die, mold, or form to molder; purpose.
- § 445.613. Notice of intention to terminate customer's rights, title, and interest in die, mold, or form.
- § 445.614. Effect of customer's failure to claim possession of die, mold, or form or to make storage arrangements; construction of section.
- § 445.615. Retroactive application of 3-year waiting period.
- § 445.616. Applicability and construction of MCL 445.612 to 445.615.
- § 445.617. Effective date.
- § 445.618. Molder's lien.
- § 445.618a. Enforcement of lien; notice.
- § 445.618b. Sale of die, mold, or form; conditions.
- § 445.618c. Sale of die, mold, or form; notice; dispute.
- § 445.618d. Sale for sum greater than amount of lien; disposition of proceeds; prohibited sales.
- § 445.619. Moldbuilder; lien; requirements.
- § 445.620. Moldbuilder; lien; enforcement; notice.
- § 445.620a. Moldbuilder; right to possession of die, mold, or form.
- § 445.620b. Sale of die, mold, or form; notice of intent.
- § 445.620c. Sale; proceeds; prohibition.
- § 445.621. “Direct molding process” defined.
- § 445.622. Prohibited conduct.
- § 445.623. Civil action for injunctive relief; damages, attorney's fees, and costs.
- § 445.624. Applicability of act.
- § 445.631. Short title.
- § 445.633. Definitions.
- § 445.635. Retrofit of reverse vending machines; payment to reverse vending machine manufacturers; application for payment; acceptance as full payment; proof of completion; conditions for requiring installation or retrofitting of reverse vending machines.
- § 445.636. Establishment of new retail store in county bordering another state or in Lower Peninsula contiguous with county bordering another state; installation of vision technology; requirements.
- § 445.637. Beverage container redemption antifraud fund; creation; payments; allocations; report.
- § 445.639. Payment amount; purchase or lease.
- § 445.641. Distribution of money left in fund.
- § 445.643. Report.
- § 445.651. Short title.
- § 445.653. Definitions.
- § 445.655. Installation of vision technology.
- § 445.657. Reverse vending machine used in county that borders another state or county in Lower Peninsula contiguous with county that borders another state; processing metal beverage containers; requirements; extension of date.
- § 445.659. Reverse vending machine used in county that borders another state or county in Lower Peninsula contiguous with county that borders another state; processing glass or plastic beverage containers; requirements; extension of date.
- § 445.661. Change, alteration, or modification; prohibitions.
- § 445.663. Fraudulent change, alteration, or modification; data; retention; availability for inspection.
- § 445.665. Inspection; investigation of complaint; notice of violation; installation or update to comply with requirements.
- § 445.667. Violations; penalties; restitution.
- § 445.669. Report.
- § 445.771. Definitions.
- § 445.772. Unlawful contract, combination, or conspiracy.
- § 445.773. Unlawful monopoly.
- § 445.774. Labor as commodity or article of commerce; organizations for mutual help; acts or conduct of governmental unit; authorized transactions or conduct; unlawful transactions or conduct subject to regulatory scheme; transactions or conduct reducing cost of health care; enforcement of federal antitrust act.
- § 445.774a. Agreement or covenant protecting business interests of employer; applicability of section.
- § 445.775. Venue.
- § 445.776. Written demand by attorney general or prosecuting attorney; contents; noncompliance; action to enforce demand; service of notice and pleadings; orders; confidentiality; waiver.
- § 445.777. Action by attorney general or prosecuting attorney for injunctive or other equitable relief and civil penalties; assessment of penalty.
- § 445.778. Action by state, political subdivision, public agency, or other person for injunctive or other equitable relief, actual damages, interest, costs and attorney's fees; effect of flagrant violation.
- § 445.779. Violation as misdemeanor; penalty; criminal prosecution.
- § 445.780. Final judgment or decree as prima facie evidence; application of collateral estoppel or issue preclusion.
- § 445.781. Limitations.
- § 445.782. Remedies cumulative.
- § 445.783. Order requiring witness to give testimony or other information; immunity.
- § 445.784. Incorporation of provisions similar to uniform state antitrust act; application and construction; interpretations by federal court.
- § 445.785. Short title.
- § 445.786. Severability.
- § 445.787. Repeal of acts and parts of acts.
- § 445.788. Effect of repeals.
- § 445.811. Definitions.
- § 445.812. Street address in advertisement.
- § 445.813. Applicability of act.
- § 445.814. Injunction; assurance of discontinuance; notice of violation; penalty; rules.
- § 445.815. Individual or class action; damages; attorneys' fees.
- § 445.816. Investigation by prosecuting attorney; instituting and prosecuting action.
- § 445.817. Other cause of action; liberal construction; ordinance or other regulation.
- § 445.818. Effective date.
- § 445.821. Legislative citizens committee on consumer affairs; members, appointment, terms.
- § 445.822. Executive committee on consumer affairs; members.
- § 445.823. Governor's citizens committee on consumer affairs; members, appointment, terms.
- § 445.824. Special Michigan consumer's council; conducting business at public meeting; notice of meeting.
- § 445.825. Legislative and governor's citizens committees; expenses, payment.
- § 445.826. Duties of council.
- § 445.827. Consumers council; powers.
- § 445.828. Consumers council; general control of legislative council.
- § 445.829. Consumers council; appropriation.
- § 445.831. Short title.
- § 445.832. Definitions.
- § 445.833. Appliance repair; written estimate; fee; service call charge; combination of written estimate with final bill.
- § 445.834. Removed parts; return; retention.
- § 445.835. Final bill.
- § 445.836. Warranty.
- § 445.837. False statement; noncompliance; remedies; action pursuant to Michigan consumer protection act; other remedies.
- § 445.851. Retail installment sales act; short title.
- § 445.851a. Truth in lending act; effect of compliance.
- § 445.852. Definitions.
- § 445.853. Retail installment contract; requirements; size; notice to buyer; delivery of copy; nondelivery; provisions; contents of contract; transaction involving vehicle; terms; statement that seller retains security interest.
- § 445.854. Retail installment contracts; single document not required; sales slip, account book, other written statements.
- § 445.855. Transactions negotiated and entered into by mail or telephone; applicable provisions of act; memorandum.
- § 445.856. Retail installment contracts; blank space; filling.
- § 445.857. Time price differential; limitation; computation; minimum time price differential.
- § 445.858. Prepayment of unpaid balance; amount of refund credit.
- § 445.859. Installment contract or retail charge agreement; delinquency and collection charge.
- § 445.860. Retail installment contracts; statement of dates, payments and unpaid balances; receipt.