Georgia § 45-1-2 - Actions by or against public officers who have left office.
Full text of Georgia Official Code of Georgia Annotated § 45-1-2 — Actions by or against public officers who have left office., with citation guidance and answers to common questions.
§ 45-1-2. Actions by or against public officers who have left office.
When an action has been commenced by or against a public officer of the state in his official capacity and such officer's successor in office has been substituted as a party pursuant to subsection (d) of Code Section 9-11-25, such action shall proceed as if no change of parties had been made, provided that it shall be within the discretion of the court to allow the successor in office such time as it may deem necessary to appear, plead, or otherwise proceed with such action. This Code section shall not apply to actions against officers for damages on account of tortious acts committed by such officer under color of office, which actions survive against such officer or his personal representatives, notwithstanding the death, resignation, removal, or expiration of the term of such officer. This Code section shall relate only to actions commenced by or against state officers in their official capacity and shall not relate or apply to actions commenced by or against municipal, district, or county officers. (Ga. L. 1941, p. 516, §§ 2, 4, 5; Ga. L. 1990, p. 8, § 45.)
Source: official Georgia text · Last verified 2026-08-27
Frequently Asked Questions About Georgia § 45-1-2
What does Official Code of Georgia Annotated § 45-1-2 cover?
Section 45-1-2 ("Actions by or against public officers who have left office.") is part of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, the codified statutory law of Georgia. It sets out the legal rule or procedure described in the text above. Statutes are amended regularly, so always verify against the official source.
How do I cite Georgia § 45-1-2?
A common citation format is "Official Code of Georgia Annotated § 45-1-2" (Georgia). Legal writing may require the code abbreviation, section number, and year or edition. Match the style required by your court, professor, or publisher.
Is this the official text of Georgia law?
No. This page is for research and education and may not include the most recent amendments. For official current law, check the Georgia official source linked on this page or consult a licensed Georgia attorney.
How does Georgia § 45-1-2 apply to my situation?
Statutes are interpreted in context, and application depends on your specific facts. Only a licensed attorney in Georgia can advise on how this section applies to you. Contact your state or local bar association for a referral.
Sources & Verification
Not legal advice. Verify against the official source and consult a licensed attorney in Georgia.