Colorado § 7-63-111 - Dealings on behalf of association.

§ 7-63-111. Dealings on behalf of association.

(1) As used in this section, "property" includes property wherever located, tangible personal property, intangible personal property, including interests in the association or any other entity, and real property and any legal or equitable interest in property.

(2) Subject to subsections (4) and (6) of this section, each manager shall have agency authority to bind and otherwise represent the association and may, in the exercise of such authority, on behalf of the association and in its domestic entity name, do anything that an individual may do, including:

(a) Make contracts and guarantees, incur liabilities, borrow money or other property, issue notes, bonds, and other obligations, secure obligations by mortgage or pledge of any of its property, lend money or other property, receive and hold property as security for repayment or other performance, and invest and reinvest funds;

(b) Sue and be sued, complain, and defend;

(c) Be a promoter, partner, member, associate, manager, trustee or other fiduciary, or nominee or other agent of, or hold any similar position with, any person;

(d) Purchase, lease, take by donative transfer, devise or bequest, and otherwise acquire, disclaim, or renounce property, and own, hold, use, improve, exchange, sell, convey, endorse, transfer, lease, mortgage, pledge, encumber, and otherwise deal with or dispose of property, including all or any part of the property of the association;

(e) Execute, acknowledge, and deliver a conveyance or other transfer, contract, or other instrument with respect to any property or other dealings;

(f) Locate offices, conduct business, have dealings, and carry on other activities, including the holding of property, and otherwise exercise the authority pursuant to this article and the bylaws, whether within or without this state; and

(g) Appoint, compensate, and define the duties and authority, including any authority conferred upon a manager by this subsection (2) or by the bylaws, of agents of the association and delegate such authority to officers and direct the performance of duties and the exercise of authority by the agents and officers.

(3) Provisions of the bylaws may eliminate, limit, and otherwise restrict the application of all or any portion of subsection (4) of this section; except that such provisions of the bylaws shall not take effect until stated in the articles of association. The provisions stated shall only have prospective effect.

(4) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3) of this section:

(a) As used in this subsection (4), the term "instrument":

(I) Includes any contract, conveyance, transfer, mortgage, pledge, encumbrance, note, endorsement, or other writing and any authentication of records; designation or authorization of or delegation to any officer, manager, or agent; acknowledgment; or other statement or representation of any fact; and

(II) Implies the requirement of a writing and excludes anything that is not in writing.

(b) Every manager is an agent of the association for the purpose of its business, and the act of every manager, including the signing in the domestic entity name of any instrument for apparently carrying on in the usual way the business of the association of which the manager is a manager, binds the association, unless the manager so acting has in fact no authority to act for the association in the particular matter and the person with whom the manager is dealing has knowledge of the fact that the manager has no such authority.

(c) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (d) of this subsection (4), an act of a manager which is not apparently for carrying on the business of the association in the usual way does not bind the association.

(d) No instrument signed by the chairperson, any manager or vice-chairperson, and by the secretary or any assistant secretary nor the delivery of any such instrument shall be invalidated as to the association by any lack of authority of any officer or manager of the association signing or delivering the instrument, if:

(I) The instrument is in the domestic entity name of the association and signed or entered into with or issued or delivered to a person or the instrument evidences, authorizes, or facilitates a transaction on behalf of the association with a person; and

(II) The person gives value for the instrument or in the transaction and the person is without knowledge that the officer or manager did not have authority to so act or was acting in contravention of a restriction on such authority.

(5) No act of a manager who in fact has no authority to act for the association in a particular matter shall bind the association to persons having knowledge of the fact that the manager does not have such authority. No act of a manager in contravention of a restriction on authority shall bind the association to persons having knowledge of the restriction.

(6) An interest in the association may be issued or redeemed only as authorized in writing by all of the members.

(7) Subsections (2) and (6) of this section are default rules, subject to the bylaws.

Source: L. 95: Entire article added, p. 795, § 18, effective May 24. L. 2000: IP(2), (4)(b), and (4)(d)(I) amended, p. 954, § 28, effective July 1. L. 2003: (3) amended, p. 2249, § 148, effective July 1, 2004. L. 2004: (4)(b) and IP(4)(d) amended, p. 1448, § 152, effective July 1.