California § 45a - A libel which is defamatory of the plaintiff without the necessity of explanatory
Full text of California Public Contract Code - PCC § 45a — A libel which is defamatory of the plaintiff without the necessity of explanatory, with citation guidance and answers to common questions.
§ 45a. A libel which is defamatory of the plaintiff without the necessity of explanatory
A libel which is defamatory of the plaintiff without the necessity of explanatory matter, such as an inducement, innuendo or other extrinsic fact, is said to be a libel on its face. Defamatory language not libelous on its face is not actionable unless the plaintiff alleges and proves that he has suffered special damage as a proximate result thereof. Special damage is defined in Section 48a of this code.
Source: official California text · Last verified 2026-08-27
Frequently Asked Questions About California § 45a
What does Public Contract Code - PCC § 45a cover?
Section 45a ("A libel which is defamatory of the plaintiff without the necessity of explanatory") is part of the Public Contract Code - PCC, the codified statutory law of California. It sets out the legal rule or procedure described in the text above. Statutes are amended regularly, so always verify against the official source.
How do I cite California § 45a?
A common citation format is "Public Contract Code - PCC § 45a" (California). Legal writing may require the code abbreviation, section number, and year or edition. Match the style required by your court, professor, or publisher.
Is this the official text of California law?
No. This page is for research and education and may not include the most recent amendments. For official current law, check the California official source linked on this page or consult a licensed California attorney.
How does California § 45a apply to my situation?
Statutes are interpreted in context, and application depends on your specific facts. Only a licensed attorney in California can advise on how this section applies to you. Contact your state or local bar association for a referral.
Sources & Verification
Not legal advice. Verify against the official source and consult a licensed attorney in California.