California § 422.4 - Any person who publishes information describing or depicting an academic research

Full text of California Public Contract Code - PCC § 422.4 — Any person who publishes information describing or depicting an academic research, with citation guidance and answers to common questions.

§ 422.4. Any person who publishes information describing or depicting an academic research

(a) Any person who publishes information describing or depicting an academic researcher or his or her immediate family member, or the location or locations where an academic researcher or an immediate family member of an academic researcher may be found, with the intent that another person imminently use the information to commit a crime involving violence or a threat of violence against an academic researcher or his or her immediate family member, and the information is likely to produce the imminent commission of such a crime, is guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year, a fine of not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both a fine and imprisonment. (b) For the purposes of this section, all of the following apply: (1) “Publishes” means making the information available to another person through any medium, including, but not limited to, the Internet, the World Wide Web, or e-mail. (2) “Academic researcher” has the same meaning as in Section 602.12. (3) “Immediate family” means any spouse, whether by marriage or not, domestic partner, parent, child, any person related by consanguinity or affinity within the second degree, or any other person who regularly resides in the household, or who, within the prior six months, regularly resided in the household. (4) “Information” includes, but is not limited to, an image, film, filmstrip, photograph, negative, slide, photocopy, videotape, video laser disc, or any other computer-generated image. (c) Any academic researcher about whom information is published in violation of subdivision (a) may seek a preliminary injunction enjoining any further publication of that information. This subdivision shall not apply to a person or entity protected pursuant to Section 1070 of the Evidence Code. (d) This section shall not apply to any person who is lawfully engaged in labor union activities that are protected under state or federal law. (e) This section shall not preclude prosecution under any other provision of law.

Source: official California text · Last verified 2026-08-27

Frequently Asked Questions About California § 422.4

What does Public Contract Code - PCC § 422.4 cover?

Section 422.4 ("Any person who publishes information describing or depicting an academic research") is part of the Public Contract Code - PCC, the codified statutory law of California. It sets out the legal rule or procedure described in the text above. Statutes are amended regularly, so always verify against the official source.

How do I cite California § 422.4?

A common citation format is "Public Contract Code - PCC § 422.4" (California). Legal writing may require the code abbreviation, section number, and year or edition. Match the style required by your court, professor, or publisher.

Is this the official text of California law?

No. This page is for research and education and may not include the most recent amendments. For official current law, check the California official source linked on this page or consult a licensed California attorney.

How does California § 422.4 apply to my situation?

Statutes are interpreted in context, and application depends on your specific facts. Only a licensed attorney in California can advise on how this section applies to you. Contact your state or local bar association for a referral.

Sources & Verification

Not legal advice. Verify against the official source and consult a licensed attorney in California.