Alaska § 26.05.570 - Voting and rulings.

§ 26.05.570. Voting and rulings.

 (a) Voting by members of a general or special court-martial on the findings and on the sentence shall be by secret written ballot. The junior member of the court shall count the votes. The count shall be checked by the president, who shall immediately announce the result of the ballot to the members of the court on the record, in an open court, and in the presence of all parties to the trial.

 (b) The military judge shall rule on all questions of law and all interlocutory questions arising during the proceedings. A ruling made by the military judge on a question of law or an interlocutory question, other than the factual issue of mental responsibility of the accused, is final and constitutes the ruling of the court. However, the military judge may change the ruling at any time during the trial before a vote is taken on the findings. Unless the ruling is final, if a member objects to a ruling, the court shall be cleared and closed, and the question shall be decided by a voice vote as provided in AS 26.05.575 , beginning with the junior in rank.

 (c) Before a vote is taken on the findings, the military judge shall, in the presence of the accused and counsel, instruct the members of the court as to the elements of the offense under this chapter and charge them that        (1) the accused is presumed to be innocent until the guilt of the accused is established by legal and competent evidence beyond a reasonable doubt;

 (2) if there is a reasonable doubt as to the guilt of the accused, the doubt must be resolved in favor of the accused, and the accused must be acquitted;

 (3) if there is a reasonable doubt as to the degree of guilt, a finding of guilt must be in a lower degree as to which there is no reasonable doubt; and

 (4) the burden of proof to establish the guilt of the accused beyond a reasonable doubt is on the state.

 (d) A military judge sitting without court members shall        (1) determine all questions of law and fact arising during the proceedings and, if the accused is convicted, adjudge an appropriate sentence;

 (2) make a general finding and shall, in addition, on request, find the facts specially.

 (e) If a military judge sitting without court members files an opinion or memorandum of decision, the opinion or memorandum of decision is sufficient if the findings of fact appear in the opinion or memorandum of decision.