Alabama § 13A-10-100 - Definitions.

§ 13A-10-100. Definitions.

(a) The definitions in Sections 13A-10-1 and 13A-10-60 are applicable in this article unless the context otherwise requires.

(b) The following definitions are also applicable in this article:

(1) SWEARS FALSELY and FALSE SWEARING. The making of a false statement under oath required or authorized by law, or the swearing or affirming the truth of such statement previously made, which the declarant does not believe to be true. A false swearing in a subscribed written instrument shall not be deemed complete until the instrument is delivered by its subscriber, or by someone acting in his behalf, to another person with intent that it be uttered or published as true.

(2) MATERIAL. A statement is “material,” regardless of the admissibility of the statement under the rules of evidence, if it could have affected the course or outcome of the official proceeding. It is no defense that the declarant mistakenly believed the falsification to be immaterial. Whether a falsification is material in a given factual situation is a question of law.

(3) OATH. Such term includes an affirmation and every other mode authorized by law of attesting to the truth of that which is stated. For the purposes of this article, written statements shall be treated as if made under oath if:

a. The statement was made on or pursuant to form bearing notice, authorized by law, to the effect that false statements made therein are punishable; or

b. The statement recites that it was made under oath, the declarant was aware of such recitation at the time he made the statement and intended that the statement should be represented as a sworn statement, and the statement was in fact so represented by its delivery or utterance with the signed jurat of an officer authorized to administer oaths appended thereto.

(4) REQUIRED OR AUTHORIZED BY LAW. An oath is “required or authorized by law” when the use of the oath is provided for by statute or municipal ordinance.

(5) OFFICIAL PROCEEDING. Any proceeding heard before any legislative, judicial, administrative or other government agency or official authorized to hear evidence under oath.

(6) JURAT. A clause wherein a notary public or other attesting officer authorized by law to administer oaths in connection with affidavits, depositions and other subscribed written instruments certifies that the subscriber has appeared before him and sworn to the truth of the contents thereof.